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Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis

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Online: 2836-4449
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Continuous publication

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Open access journal. All articles are freely available online with no APC.

Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis
Full Length Article

Volume 4Issue 2PP: 15-22 • 2024

Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems

Maissam Jdid 1*
1Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria; Department of Requirements, International University for Science and Technology, Ghabageb, Syrian Arab Republic
* Corresponding Author.
Received: September 05, 2024 Revised: November 04, 2024 Accepted: December 24, 2024

Abstract

Mathematical examples rely on constructing mathematical models consisting of an objective function and constraints. These models may be linear, nonlinear, or otherwise. The objective function is either a maximization function or a minimization function for a given quantity. Nonlinear programming constitutes an important and fundamental part of operations research and is more comprehensive than linear programming. Therefore, researchers have focused on presenting studies that help find the optimal solution to these problems. Most of these studies have focused on the importance of knowing the type of objective function—whether it is convex or concave—because this knowledge helps determine the type of maximum value we obtain when studying a nonlinear programming problem. The Hessian matrix was used for this purpose. In this research, we will present the most important concepts that can be used when determining the type of maximum value for a nonlinear programming problem, as mentioned in some classic references. We will then reformulate them using the concepts of neutrosophic logic.

Keywords

Operations research Nonlinear models Neutrosophic logic Neutrosophic nonlinear models Concavity of a functions Convexity of functions Hessian matrix

References

[1] G. V. Reklaitis, A. Ravindran, and K. M. Ragsdell, Engineering Optimization: Methods and Applications. New York, NY, USA: Wiley-Interscience, 1983.

[2] J. S. Bakaja, W. Mualla et al., Operations Research Book [translated into Arabic]. Damascus, Syria: The Arab Center for Arabization, Translation, Authoring and Publishing, 1998.

[3] D. G. Luenberger and Y. Ye, Linear and Nonlinear Programming. New York, NY, USA: Springer Science+Business Media, 2015.

[4] M. D. Al Hamid, Mathematical Programming. Aleppo, Syria: Aleppo University, 2010.

[5] F. Smarandache and M. Jdid, "Research in the field of neutrosophic operations research," vol. 1, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://fs.unm.edu/NeutrosophicOperationsResearch.

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Jdid, Maissam. "Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems." Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis, vol. Volume 4, no. Issue 2, 2024, pp. 15-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
Jdid, M. (2024). Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems. Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis, Volume 4(Issue 2), 15-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
Jdid, Maissam. "Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems." Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis Volume 4, no. Issue 2 (2024): 15-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
Jdid, M. (2024) 'Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems', Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis, Volume 4(Issue 2), pp. 15-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
Jdid M. Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems. Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis. 2024;Volume 4(Issue 2):15-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
M. Jdid, "Hessian matrix for testing the convexity and concavity of the objective function in nonlinear programming and neutrosophic nonlinear programming problems," Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis, vol. Volume 4, no. Issue 2, pp. 15-22, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/PAMDA.040202
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