Galoitica: Journal of Mathematical Structures and Applications

Trigonometric functions are among the most widely used functions in many science fields, especially sine and cosine functions because they are essential for periodic functions that describe sound and light waves in different types and wavelengths. Therefore, researchers studied the integrals of sine and cosine functions in different forms of the integrating function. In this paper, we spotlighted several most important yet under-studied integrals that are poorly mentioned in Arabic and foreign textbooks and studies. In addition, we studied Integral of Sine and Cosine for n as a positive rational number and concluded that each of these integrals leads to functional series. When studying the convergence of these series using the D'Alembert ratio test, we found that these series are convergent over the entire set of real numbers. This convergence is highly useful when applying such integrals in different science fields.

The objective of this paper is to study the neutrosophic complex inner product spaces over neutrosophic complex field C(I). Also, it determines the necessary and sufficient condition of a neutrosophic complex vector space to be a complex inner product space by using semi module isomorphisms.

The aim of this paper is to generalize the neutrosophic AH-isometry into the system of refined neutrosophic numbers, where it presents an isometer between the refined neutrosophic space with one/two neutrosophic dimensions and the cartesian product of classical Euclidean spaces.Also, many refined neutrosophic geometrical surfaces such as refined circles and lines will be handled according to the isometry.

The objective of this paper is to define a new generalization of solvable groups by using the concept of power maps which generalize the classical concept of powers (exponents). Also, it presents many elementary properties of this new generalization in terms of theorems.

Banach and Hillbert spaces are the main important concepts in the study of classical functional analysis. This paper generalizes these two kinds of functional spaces into neutrosophic systems, where the concept of neutrosophic Banach space and neutrosophic Hillbert space will be defined and discussed for the first time over partial ordered neutrosophic spaces. Also, many related concepts such as neutrosophic Cauchy sequence, neutrosophic Bessel's inequality, and neutrosophic Parseval's identity will be established and proved.