Volume 7 • Issue 1 • PP: 08–17 • 2026
Metaheuristic Optimization for Complex Engineering Design: A Comprehensive Review of Structural and Mechanical Challenges
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Metaheuristic Optimization in Engineering has gained much attention recently because of its application in solving challenging problems and nonlinear and constrained design often encountered in structural and mechanical design. These optimization techniques are derived from natural phenomena, including Bio-evolution, Animal instincts and the physical world, necessitating efficient and inexpensive design for engineers. In conventional design processes, the design process may be tiresome and often unable to cope with large and complex engineering endeavors; however, metaheuristic algorithms exhibit high effectiveness and functionality in optimizing designs in various sectors about reinforced concrete structures and steel reinforced frames, mechanical parts, among others. This literature review explains the current metaheuristic algorithms and their applicability to solving engineering problems, particularly regarding computational time, quality and physical solution constraints. Difficulties regarding mechanical properties, structural, and dynamic performances can effectively be resolved by utilizing metaheuristic algorithms such as harmony search, teaching-learning-based optimization and other useful hybrid strategies to elevate the engineering optimization field to another level. It also emphasizes CI application in improving the design processes and offers clues on the future application of both the hybrid and the multi-objective optimization strategies in engineering.
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