Volume 6 • Issue 2 • PP: 01 –06 • 2026
Neutrosophic Information Fusion of Imaging and Clinical Evidence for Multimodal Disease Screening
Open Access & Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s). Published by ASPG. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
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Modern screening rarely relies on a single source of evidence: a clinician weighs an imaging finding against laboratory markers and patient history, and these sources routinely conflict. We propose a neutrosophic informationfusion framework that represents each evidence channel as a neutrosophic triple (t, i, f )—the degree to which the channel supports disease, the degree to which it is indeterminate (noisy, borderline, missing), and the degree to which it argues against disease. Channels are combined with a conflict-aware neutrosophic fusion rule that routes disagreement into the indeterminacy component instead of silently averaging it away. A decision is issued only when fused indeterminacy falls below a referral threshold; otherwise the case is escalated for expert review. On a synthetic two-modality screening cohort the framework attains 91.8% accuracy while flagging 12% of cases as indeterminate, and it degrades gracefully when one modality is corrupted—losing only 2.3 accuracy points against 6.1 for score-level averaging. A cost-sensitive analysis shows the referral gate lowers expected clinical cost when a missed positive is much more expensive than a review.
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