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American Journal of Business and Operations Research

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Online: 2692-2967 Print: 2770-0216
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American Journal of Business and Operations Research
Full Length Article

Volume 14 • Issue 1 • PP: 04–09 • 2026

Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure

Nilufar Ismailova 1*
1Department of World Economy and International Economic Relations, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, 100003, Uzbekistan
* Corresponding Author.
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Open Access & Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s). Published by ASPG. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Received: August 02, 2025 Revised: October 12, 2025 Accepted: December 10, 2025

Abstract

International recruitment exposes universities and host regions to concentrated cross-border demand, yet published dashboards rarely disclose the joint distribution of source countries and institutions. This study turns the November 2024 Open Doors state fact sheets into a reproducible market-risk screen for 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. These markets contain 1,126,079 international students and $43.817 billion in estimated regional expenditure in 2023/24. The median state’s largest source market accounts for 28.5% of students; its largest receiving institution accounts for 32.2%. Sharp bounds calculated from the separately published margins show that, in 48 of 51 markets, a positive share must both come from one of the five leading origins and attend one of the leading institutions. The median guaranteed overlap is 32.0% of a state’s international students; Arizona’s is 68.4%. An illustrative 10% decline in each state’s largest origin implies $1.511 billion in expenditure exposure across the 51 markets under a constant-spending assumption, led by California ($233.1 million) and New York ($229.9 million). The bounds identify segments requiring institutional cross-tabs; the scenario is neither a forecast nor a measure of university revenue. The analysis supplies an auditable way to prioritize recruitment diversification and market-level due diligence with public business data.

Keywords

Business intelligence International services Market concentration Partial identification Scenario analysis Higher education institutions

References

[1] Institute of International Education, “State facts and fig-ures 2024,” Institute of International Education, State fact sheets, 2024.

[2] T. Weber, C. van Mol, and M. H. J. Wolbers, “Interna-tional students as sources of income? moving beyond the neoliberal framing of internationalization,” Journal of Studies in International Education, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 526–545, 2024.

[3] K. Breznik, M. Restaino, M. P. Vitale, and G. Ragozini, “Analyzing countries’ performances within the interna-tional student mobility program over time,” Annals of Operations Research, vol. 342, pp. 1925–1943, 2024.

[4] Á. Szukits and P. Móricz, “Towards data-driven decision making: The role of analytical culture and centralization efforts,” Review of Managerial Science, vol. 18, pp. 2849–2887, 2024.

[5] NAFSA: Association of International Educators, “In-ternational students contribute record-breaking level of spending and 378,000 jobs to the U.S. economy,” Nov. 2024.

Cite This Article

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Ismailova, Nilufar. "Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure." American Journal of Business and Operations Research, vol. 14, no. 1, 2026, pp. 04–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
Ismailova, N. (2026). Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure. American Journal of Business and Operations Research, Volume 14(Issue 1), 04–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
Ismailova, Nilufar. "Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure." American Journal of Business and Operations Research Volume 14, no. Issue 1 (2026): 04–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
Ismailova, N. (2026) 'Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure', American Journal of Business and Operations Research, Volume 14(Issue 1), pp. 04–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
Ismailova N. Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure. American Journal of Business and Operations Research. 2026;Volume 14(Issue 1):04–09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
N. Ismailova, "Business Intelligence for the Global University Market: Bounding Recruitment Concentration and Regional Spending Exposure," American Journal of Business and Operations Research, vol. Volume 14, no. Issue 1, pp. 04–09, 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.140102
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