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Improved Routing Protocol for Extending Wireless Sensor Networks Lifetime

One of the most cutting-edge technological trends to emerge over the past ten years is the availability of ubiquitous networks and the rising demand for them. The objective remains to have access to several services, including voicemail, the web, emails, messages, and other ones, without being restricted by one's geographical location. As a result, there will be an increase in the need for wireless networks for communication. The wireless network industry has had remarkable growth over the last several decades, and they make new advancements in this field. An ad hoc network is a non-stationary infrastructure that allows for the establishment of a sort of wireless network in which one node may share information with several other nodes through multi-hop links and interconnections. This type of network is also known as a mesh network. An ad hoc system is one that does not have a centralized control unit and instead relies on a collection of wireless mobile nodes to construct a functional wireless network. Newline Instead of using stationary network communication, this kind of network uses a multi-hop point-to-point routing technique to create a network connection. Because mobile nodes have a limited range, a problem may occur when one node has to connect with another node that is located outside of its range but is still inside its coverage area. In such cases, a connection between the origin and the destination should be made by linking several nodes. The criteria used to determine which nodes should participate in the routing process depend on a variety of different factors. In spite of this, the primary objective is to construct a route from one end to the other in order to provide the nodes with a transmission medium so that they may connect with one another. The process of routing data in ad hoc networks has become very difficult ever since the debut of wireless networks. The inherent characteristics of an ad hoc network, in which the topologies of the network are always subject to change, are the primary cause of this kind of challenge. Because ad hoc networks are inherently dynamic, there will be various performance concerns with the routing and transmission of data. The proposed work provides to become aware of the various performance issues that may arise from the use of routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks. To evaluate the routing protocols in terms of their effectiveness in the context of wireless mobile networks and wireless static networks. For the purpose of assessing the performance of this network scenario, both mobile and static nodes are utilized.

groups
Banumathi mail -
Muthumari mail -
Shahada Syed mail -
Syed Basha Shaik mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.000104

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 0 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Secured Authentication of Node in Mobile Adhoc Network

Over the previous two decades, wireless communication has developed into an indispensable component of modern life. In recent years, wireless networks have acquired greater significance than wired networks as a result of improvements in technology as well as reductions in cost. The adaptability and portability of wireless devices make this feasible in a wide variety of real-time software applications. One kind of wireless network, known as an Adhoc network, can establish a connection in locations where conventional communication is not feasible. The Mobile Adhoc Network, also known as MANET, is a sort of ad hoc network that is established by the collection of mobile nodes that are each outfitted with a transceiver and interact with one another over duplex connections. Every node in a MANET functions as a router and figures out how to go from the source to the destination by going via the other nodes in the network. MANET has a number of properties, including changeable capacity and bandwidth, energy-restricted operation, speed of deployment, and dynamic topology. Because of MANET's inherent fluidity, the network is more prone to experiencing security breaches. In recent years, researchers have developed a number of solutions to security problems, including intrusion detection, routing, security protocol, and other techniques. These solutions have been made available. Even though there are a few different options to choose from, none of them are enough to safeguard the network nodes. When more nodes are added to the network while it is operating in a hostile environment, the overall performance of the network suffers. Secured Authentication with Node Isolation, often known as SAWNI, is an authentication method that aims to improve network safety by locating and isolating any hostile nodes that may be present in a network. The approach of isolation may be used to protect the ordinary node while isolating the malicious node either temporarily or permanently, depending on the situation. The network's legitimacy is improved as a result of this isolation mechanism, which takes into account the potential danger posed by the rogue node. The findings of the experiments reveal that using DHA, rather than DSA, may raise the PDR by 2% while using CBDS can increase it by 1% when there is a significant proportion of malicious nodes and the node mobility is less than 10 meters per second. When compared to DHA, the DHA-SHORT results in a 22% reduction in the delay. Finally, in comparison to DSA, SAWNI results in an increase of 8% in PDR, whereas CBDS sees an increase of 7% when there is a significant proportion of malicious nodes moving at less than 10 meters per second.

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Prabu S. mail -
Alekhya A. mail -
Kiran K. Chatragadda mail -
Venkateswarlu Lingala mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.050202

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 5 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Quality of Service Enhancement in Wireless LAN and MANET

In this dissertation, the author introduces a novel MAC technique that uses directional antennas to reduce interference, allowing the channel effectively reuse in various places. A node will wait for the Additional Control Gap (ACG) period after exchanging the RTS/CTS packet using the suggested protocol before starting the transmission of data packets. Other nodes in the area may plan simultaneous transmission at this ACG time by exchanging RTS/CTS packets with one another. This technique of installing directional antennas to avoid interference while simultaneously ensuring simultaneous transmissions among nodes in the vicinity may enhance the overall throughput and latency of wireless ad hoc networks. The suggested MAC protocol, in combination with TCP, serves to lessen the possibility of medium congestion and collisions in multi-hop situations by scheduling simultaneous transmissions. After identifying the bottleneck node on the high-traffic route, the heavy-traffic route moved to a different dedicated path to facilitate longhop flow. This makes it feasible for longhop flow to use the completely available bandwidth of the recently allotted dedicated lane and ensures that traffic on the congested route will reduce. Additionally, the dissertation offers a simple but efficient hybrid model as a solution to the issues that could come up when carrying out disaster relief activities. According to the suggested concept, stationary SANET grid nodes that is installed will allow mobile MANET nodes that are more than 13 kilometres outside of the transmission range of the infrastructure network to connect to the internet and the central command. In the case of a disaster, this method increases the coverage area of MANET nodes, enabling those nodes to connect with and exchange data with the rescue and relief operations centre

groups
Senthil Murugesan mail -
Krishna Venkata mail -
Narendra Mupparaju mail -
Rayudu Kommi mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.010201

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 1 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Customer Data Processing in Internet of Things Environments Using RFM Analysis and K-means Clustering

Businesses, shops, banks, and other types of organizations all engage in cutthroat competition today. The retrieval techniques are responsible for arranging, processing, and listing the documents in the corpus in response to the user query. The strategies are distinct from one another in any of the processes stated above. As a result, the body of published work is crammed full of different retrieval theories and strategies. It is possible to combine the advantageous aspects of several different strategies to improve the retrieval systems' overall performance. Once again, the success of the merging process is dependent on the careful selection of the separate schemes that will be merged together. The selection process is carried out using optimization-seeking tools. The Genetic Algorithm is going to be used for this job. Using GA as the instrument and with the intention of evaluating both the even and the odd point crossover's effects, The odd and even point crossover is primarily employed as an exploratory tool, and its influence on the Internet of Things is evaluated throughout the information retrieval process. The enormous combination that results from the fusion function retrieval strategies and their weights may be understood as follows: The investigation is the only thing that can help us find the best answer out of all of these possible permutations. As a method of investigation, we made use of both odd and even point crossing. This exploration tool has a lack of convergence, which is a setback. It is possible to get a higher convergence rate by combining the genetic algorithm with tabu search, which is the best local search. In a scenario like this one, customer segmentation may be helpful in bringing in new customers while also helping to keep the ones you already have. An effective customer segmentation strategy for a business splits consumers into groups based on the RFM (Recency, Frequency, and Monitor) values of the Monitors. These groups have behavior in common. This will be of use to us in determining the possible customers for the firm. Following the completion of an RFM analysis, we use a conventional k-means method in order to extend the scope of the research to include clusters. Maintaining positive relationships with customers makes it much easier to market effectively to certain demographics of consumers, which in turn helps bolster a company's competitive position.

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V. Jai Kumar mail -
Y.V.Bhaskar Reddy mail -
V.S.Nishok mail -
Vivek K. mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.070101

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 7 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Quaternion Set for Dealing Fluctuation in Quantum Turiyam Cognition

Recently, the data with Turiyam set is introduced for precise representation of human cognition. It gives a way to represent the conscious, unconscious, indeterminate and superconscious state of quantum cognition. In this way, the Turiyam set given a way to represent the human cognition in a democratic system like India where people support a party, reject the party, absent and support NOTA. In similar way conflict among two people can be represented via four way like there is conflict, no conflict, partially conflict or uncertainty about conflict, and last nothing unknown to each other. The precise representation of these types of data which changes at every given phase of time. To deal with these types of human cognition and its quantum state Quaternion set is introduced in this paper.

groups
Prem Kumar Singh mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/JNFS.040205

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 4 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Multiple attribute decision making for square root diophantine neutrosophic interval-valued sets and their aggregated operators

Square root Diophantine neutrosophic interval-valued set (SRDioNIVS) approaches to multiple attribute decisionmaking (MADM) problems. The square root neutrosophic sets, interval-valued Diophantine neutrosophic sets are both extensions of square root Diophantine neutrosophic sets. In this section, we discuss aggregating operations and how those interprtautions have evolved over time. The paper is focused on a novel idea known as square root neutrosophic interval-valued weighted averaging (SRDioNIVWA), square root neutrosophic interval-valued weighted geometric (SRDioNIVWG), generalized square root neutrosophic interval-valued weighted averaging (GSRDioNIVWA), and generalized square root neutrosophic interval-valued weighted geometric (GSRDioNIVWG). We also begin an algorithm using these operators. The use of the euclidean and hamming distances is described, and examples from real-world problems are inserted. As a result, the defined models are more accurate and closely tied to Ξ. In order to show the reliability and usefulness of the models under examination, we also compare a few of the proposed and current models. The study’s results are also fascinating and intriguing.

groups
M. Palanikumar mail -
Said Broumi mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190401

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 4

Details open_in_new

Neutrosophic Submodule of Direct Sum M ⊕ N

The paper focuses on neutrosophic algebraic structures and operations applicability to the study of classical al-gebraic structures, particularly the R-module. The definition of neutrosophic submodules P and Q was further developed upon in this work in order to create neutrosophic submodules of P + Q. In this study, the neutrosophic submodule of the direct sum M ⊕ N is constructed, analyzed, and its associated results are examined. Additionally, several algebraic results of the neutrosophic submodule’s direct sum of a non-empty arbitrary family of submodules are examined.

groups
Binu R. mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190402

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 4

Details open_in_new

Algebraic Structure for (λ, μ)-Diophantine Neutrosophic Bisemiring

We introduce the notion of Diophantine neutrosophic subbisemiring (DioNSBS), level sets of DioNSBS of a bisemiring. The concept of DioNSBS is a generalization of fuzzy subbisemiring over bisemiring. We interact the theory for (λ, μ)-DioNSBS over bisemiring. Let α be the Diophantine neutrosophic subset in S , we show that α = ⟨(ΞT α , ΞI α , ΞF α ), (Γα, ∆α, Θα)⟩ is a DioNSBS of S if and only if all non empty level set α(t,s) is a subbisemiring of S for t, s ∈ [0, 1]. Let α be the DioNSBS of a bisemiring S and W be the strongest Diophantine neutrosophic relation of S , we observe that α is a DioNSBS of S if and only if W is a DioNSBS of S × S . Let α1, α2, ..., αn be the family of DioN SBSs of S1, S2, ..., Sn respectively. We show that α1× α2 × ... × αn is a DioNSBS of S1 × S2 × ... × Sn. The homomorphic image of DioNSBS is a DioNSBS. The homomorphic preimage of DioNSBS is a DioNSBS. Examples are provided to illustrate our results.

groups
M. Palanikumar mail -
Aiyared Iampan mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190403

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 4

Details open_in_new

Assessment of Structural Cracks in Aircraft Using a Decision-Making Approach Based on Enhanced Entropy and Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets

Structural health monitoring (SHM) tries to determine the status of substances, elements, and the life expectancy of any aircraft building. It also serves as a vital tool for ensuring the structural integrity and safety of the aircraft. This research used a neutrosophic-Entropy model to assess the structural cracks in the reinforced concrete aircraft to evaluate its structural performance. For example, Entropy may be used in the civil engineering profession to pick subcontractors, manage traffic, and monitor the structural integrity of a structure, among other things. SHM in reinforced concrete aircraft buildings is examined in this research using the suggested technology. Expert groups were consulted to help determine the level of significance among the parameters used to monitor the aircraft's structural integrity. To further understand the structures' actual improvement, the Entropy approach given here would be quite beneficial. Also, we presented some neutrosophic multiplications. Neutrosophic multiplication module (NMM)  (a.k.a. ) (commulative group (A))has produced some surprising new findings, which we explore in this article. As a bonus, we'll shed some light on a few related topics to the NMM itself. Since the Neutrosophic Jacobson radical of the A multiplication modules is a Neutrosophic small submodule of , then  must be a Neutrosophic cyclic module, as we demonstrate. Last but not least, we prove that E (Universal) is a NMM only if and only when it's Neutrosophic divided modules more than a Neutrosophic integral domain.

groups
Nahia Mourad mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190404

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 4

Details open_in_new

Implementation of Neutrosophic Bipolar Pentagonal Fuzzy Set on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Scenario

Several others have already discussed various types of new techniques in multi-criteria decision-making problems. De-fuzzification, De-eutrophication, and De-Bipolarisation all of these are new approaches that have been established. But this work depicts the concept and features of the Neutrosophic Bipolar Pentagonal Fuzzy number. The relationships and products of the picture fuzzy set, as well as their associated results, are investigated. The different kinds of neutrosophic single-typed bipolar pentagonal numbers (nbpnum) were also discussed. A multi-criteria choice is also done in a triangular Bipolar Neutrosophic Fuzzy Set to identify the ideal output depending on several attributes. A multi-criteria choice is also done in a triangular Bipolar Neutrosophic Fuzzy Set to identify the ideal output depending on several attributes.

groups
P. Hemavathi mail -
M. Muthumeenakshi mail -
P. Chanthini mail -
P. Muralikrishna mail -
R. Vinodkumar mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.190405

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 19 / Iss. Issue 4

Details open_in_new