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International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Subfamilies of analytic functions associated with Rabotnov function

The aim of this paper is to investigate various subfamilies of analytic functions to find inclusion properties, and necessary and sufficient conditions for the Rabotnov function to be in these subfamilies. Furthermore, several corollaries will be implied from our main results.

groups
Ahlam Fallatah mail -
Tariq Al-Hawary mail -
Mourad Oqla Massa’deh mail -
Feras Yousef mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260103

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Extended Refined Neutrosophic Vector Spaces, Subspaces and their Application

The objective of this paper is to present a perspective of Refined Neutrosophic Vector Space (r-NVS), Sub spaces and some basic operations on Refined Neutrosophic Sets such as Algebraic sum and Algebraic product. Further some basic propositions, lemma and examples are presented. Finally an application on Refined Neutrosophic Vector Space is presented in the field of e-Commerce buyer oriented product (Smart Phones) ranking to illustrate the advantage of representing r-NVS.

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T. Sathinathan mail -
J. Aldring mail -
S. John Borg mail -
D. Ajay mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260104

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Kamal Transform for Neutrosophic Initial Value Problem

The manuscript dealt with the problem of the initial value, especially in second-order differential equations with three degrees of Neutrosophic conditions, which are truth, falsity, and indeterminacy. In addition, we exploited the Kamal transformation to solve it.

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Azal J. Mera mail -
Huda A. Hadi mail -
Sahar M. Jabbar mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260105

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

On Energy of Double Dominating Bipolar Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graph

Domination and graph energy are fundamental concepts in graph theory for addressing unpredictable phenomena, and they have attracted considerable interest from researchers. In recent developments, the concept of dominating energy has become increasingly significant in the study of graph energies. While fuzzy graphs (FG) sometimes fall short in delivering optimal results, the neutrosophic set (NS) as well as neutrosophic graphs (NG) offer a robust alternative, effectively managing the uncertainties linked with inconsistent and indeterminate information in real-world scenarios. Most existing research on domination energy in the fuzzy environment focus solely on a single membership function. In contrast, bipolar neutrosophic models, which account for both positive and negative influences, provide a more versatile and applicable approach. This paper focuses on advancements in NG theory to address scenarios where imprecision is represented by both positive and negative membership functions. It introduces a new concept called the double dominating energy graph, relying on the currently developed bipolar single-valued neutrosophic graphs (BSVNG). The study further explores the energy of double domination within the BSVNG framework. Specifically, it develops the adjacency matrix of a dominating BSVNG, analyzes the spectrum of this matrix, and elaborates on the associated theoretical aspects using illustrative examples. Additionally, the double domination energy of BSVNG is calculated to demonstrate its applicability. At the end of this study, conclusions are drawn and avenues for future research are discussed.

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Siti Nurul Fitriah Mohamad mail -
Roslan Hasni mail -
Florentin Smarandache mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260106

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Solution of Second Order Fuzzy Differential Equations using Sumudu Transform under Neutrosophic Environment

Fuzzy differential equations (FDEs) are used to represent dynamical systems under uncertain environments. Finding solutions for fuzzy differential equations (FDEs) is highly challenging. This work employs the neutrosophic version of the Sumudu transform method to determine the solution to fuzzy differential equations (FDEs) that incorporate Neutrosophic Numbers (NNs). By utilising a novel fuzzy arithmetic operations on the parametric representations of NNs, significant theorems are established to demonstrate the characteristics of Neutrosophic Sumudu Transform (NST). The proposed NST approach is efficient in approximating the solutions of FDEs without converting them into their crisp equivalent forms. An illustrative numerical example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology.

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B. Divya mail -
K. Ganesan mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260107

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Smarandache Fuzzy Semigroups Using (3, 2) Fuzzy Sets

This paper introduces the concept of -(3,2) ƒuzzy ᵴemigroups within an -ᵴemigroup and explore their characterizations. Various comparable conditions for -(3,2) ƒuzzy normal subᵴemigroups are established. Additionally, the -(3,2) ƒuzzy coset, -(3,2) ƒuzzy ideal, -(3,2) ƒuzzy symmetric ᵴemigroup and -(3,2) ƒuzzy normal subᵴemigroups are defined. The idea of conjugate -(3,2) ƒuzzy ᵴemigroups is also introduced, and the order of an -(3,2) ƒuzzy ᵴemigroup is determined. The (3,2) ƒuzzy semigroup condition applied to decision making process also.

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M. Mala mail -
M. Mary Jansirani mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260108

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Analyzing the Relationship Between Project Management and Social Responsibility at Peruvian University Los Andes: Graduate Perceptions for 2024 Using Plithogenic Statistics and the Indeterminate Likert Scale

The university's mission as established in the World Declaration on Higher Education is to contribute to sustainable development and improve society, which implies training highly qualified professionals. This paper aims to determine to what extent Project Management is related to Social Responsibility at the Universidad Peruana Los Andes, 2024. For the study, a survey is applied to a sample of 384 graduates from a total population of 5823 distributed by faculties, in 2024 regarding the attitude of this university's Center on Project Management and University Social Responsibility. For data representation, we use an Indeterminate Likert Scale. This type of scale consists of the quantitative score of each of the possible nominal values, in this way the opinion of each respondent is captured more faithfully. On the other hand, we use the Plithogenic Statistics, because there are several variables to study, some of them with indeterminacies.

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Michael Raiser Vásquez-Ramírez mail -
Ketty Marilú Moscoso-Paucarchuco mail -
Kathy Lesslie Javier-Palacios mail -
Neftali Llihua-Carrasco mail -
Williams Ronald Olivera-Acuña mail -
Maria Del Pilar Ureta-Vila mail -
Manuel Michael Beraún-Espíritu mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260109

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

On fuzzy completely γ-irresolute and weakly completely γ-irresolute functions

In this paper, fuzzy γ-open sets, and fuzzy γ-irresolute functions are used to define and investigate a new class of functions called fuzzy completely γ-irresolute functions, fuzzy completely weakly γ-irresolute between fuzzy topological spaces. We obtain their characterizations and their basic properties.

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Wadei Faris AL-Omeri mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260110

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Advances in Hypothesis Testing with Neutrosophic Sets: A Framework for Uncertainty

In this paper, we extend statistical hypothesis testing to data represented as neutrosophic sets, encompassing membership, indeterminacy, and non-membership components. Two distinct scenarios are considered: first, where all three components are independent, and second, where all three components are dependent.

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Ronnason Chinram mail -
Sasiwimon Iwsakul mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260111

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science | 2025

Analyzing the Perspective of Circular Economy and Sustainable Development in the Junín Region of Peru Using Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps

The Sustainable Development of a country is a relatively new concept, where the right of each country to achieve decent economic and social development is accepted, and where there is well-being for the population. At the same time, the environment is respected. On the other hand, the Circular Economy is another recent concept where the efficient and effective use of resources and products is proposed, where the fundamental principle is the reuse of waste as far as possible and its rational use, to reduce environmental pollution, and providing economic savings for the country. This paper aims to study the relationship between the concepts of Circular Economy and Sustainable Development contextualized in the Peruvian department of Junín. To examine this relationship and its future behavior, there are challenges such as the existence of indirect relationships between these two concepts, dependent on other concepts; and relationships between concepts that are unknown, at least partially. Taking all this into account, a group of three experts on the subject in Junín was asked for their opinion to determine the relationship between the selected concepts. This allowed the representation of knowledge with the help of a Neutrosophic Cognitive Map (NCM) and the study of the dynamic behavior of concepts with the help of the Method for Hidden Patterns.

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Michael Raiser Vásquez-Ramírez mail -
Ketty Marilú Moscoso-Paucarchuco mail -
Percy Tito Avila-Zanabria mail -
Omar Arturo Vivanco-Nuñez mail -
Paul Cesar Calderon-Fernandez mail -
Williams Ronald Olivera-Acuña mail -
Manuel Michael Beraún-Espíritu mail
link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJNS.260112

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 26 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new