K-Nearest Neighbors Approach to Analyze and Predict Air Quality in Delhi

Ahmed Mohamed; Shahid

doi:https://doi.org/10.54216/JAIM.090104

International Journal of Wireless and Ad Hoc Communication | 2025

Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Architecture for Energy-Efficient Data-Fusion-Based Cognitive Radio Network

This demand can be satisfied by cognitive radio (CR) technology thanks to the growing desire to utilize existing radio frequency bands more effectively. This paper suggests a hardware-efficient, very-large spectrum sensor. In cooperative cognitive radio networks, data fusion is not provided by a new-scale integration (VLSI) architecture. The cooperative method to spectrum sensing and management as a proposed concept uses approaches for data fusion to address the difficulties. Our VLSI system delivers high throughput with exceptional performance by combining the latest sensing algorithms with an effective hardware architecture. The overall performance of the spectrum and spectrum awareness are enhanced by the cooperative theoretical radio communication system. In order to enable the network to make judgements that can be modified utilizing combined data from scattered spectrum sensors, the study examines the integration of network fusion techniques. The suggested scheme's primary characteristics are its hardware efficiency, low power consumption, and real-time flexibility for changing spectrum conditions. Through simulations and comparison with existing methods, it is assessed. System performance is tracked, and the results indicate that faster and more accurate spectrum sensing is required in order to apply notions of spectrum sharing that make sense.

groups

Premkumar S. mail -

D. Israel -

S. Veerakumar mail -

T. Praveenkumar

link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.090103

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

International Journal of Wireless and Ad Hoc Communication | 2025

Smart Accident Detection using IoT Technology

Road accidents and emergency services delay are the main significant issues. To overcome these issues need to develop a system. Efficient handling of accidents through the immediate detection and provide timely aid are more crucial. Accident detection and emergency system depends on IoT (Internet of things) with minimum delay are gaining significant attention towards industry and academic literature. Several researches are investigated using IOT technology to detect accidents. In this work, we proposed an effective accident detection method by employing five sensors not only to detect accident but also to report type of accident such as collision, no accident, roll over or fall off. In addition to that, the status of the accident is communicated to the IBM Watson Cloud platform. The incoming data received in the node red platform is integrated with the Google Maps to show location and other information about the accident that can be accessed by the hospital through website and also sending alert messages to victim acquaintances. In addition, two Machine Learning (ML) models based on K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model and the Naïve Bayes (NB) model are compared to find out the best accident detection model. It is noticed that the KNN model is the very effective ML model, which employed to know the accident status and also to enhance the system by providing patient’s details, a kill switch and sending messages often till acknowledgement is received.

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Sindhuja M. mail -

Vijay Murugan S. mail -

Elarmathi S. mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.090104

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

International Journal of Wireless and Ad Hoc Communication | 2025

Efficacious Framework for The Detection of Link Flooding Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Network

A novel honey pot deception trace back model, or honey pot IDS, is offered. The system is located on the server, which is the site of network intrusion deceptions. From there, it keeps an eye on all incoming traffic and uses nodes that carry out network weight age studies to continuously weigh the data. For every client connected to the server, it serves as a construct to look at the packet analysis and transmission path to which the IP processed the intrusion detection system. This LF-IDS detects intrusions using both anomaly-based and rule-based intrusion detection methods. By gathering and examining the packets from incoming traffic, the system initially collects data on the packet agent monitoring system. The trespasser is led to a honey pot that will be constructed as a mitigation site.

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M. Gautham mail -

D. Chitra mail -

B. Samitha

link https://doi.org/10.54216/IJWAC.090105

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things | 2025

Blockchain-Enabled Multi-Head Attention Based Deep Learning Model for Intrusion Detection System in Smart Networks

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are increasingly being integrated into smart homes for effective pervasive sensing and resource management, thanks to advancements in sensor technologies and the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Securing IDSs in smart homes is significant for safeguarding crucial data and ensure the integrity of related devices. Implementing strong cybersecurity, measures, including regular software updates, encrypted communication protocols, and secure authentication mechanisms, is critical to safeguard potential risks. As the smart home network constantly increasing, developers, users, and manufacturers must work together to maintain and prioritize stringent security standards, alleviating the risks closely related to connected devices and preserving the safety and privacy of the consumer. Blockchain (BC) technology can increase the security of IDS in smart homes by giving a tamper-resistant and decentralized framework to manage data transactions and device interactions. By leveraging blockchain, smart home networks can establish a more secure and resilient infrastructure, which provides consumers with high confidence in the security and privacy of the interconnected devices. This study introduces a Blockchain and Multi-Head Attention-Based Deep Learning for Intrusion Detection System in Smart Networks (BCMHDL-IDSSN) technique in Smart Home Networks. The BCMHDL-IDSSN method aims to enhance security in the smart home networks. In the BCMHDL-IDSSN technique, BC technology is used to achieve security. Besides, the BCMHDL-IDSSN technique involves the design of a multi-head attention bidirectional gated recurrent unit (MHA-BiGRU) method for the detection of malicious activities. Finally, an enhanced pigeon-inspired optimization (EPIO) model is applied for the optimal hyperactive parameter choice of the MHA-BiGRU model. A detailed investigation was applied to validate the performance of the BCMHDL-IDSSN method. The simulation values emphasized that the BCMHDL-IDSSN method gains high efficiency over other techniques.

groups

Ehab Bahaudien Ashary mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.150201

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 15 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things | 2025

Design and implementation of intelligent home data cloud storage system with large system and big data

The increasing maturity of 5G technology and Internet of Things technology makes people feel the convenience brought by high-tech in their daily lives, and smart homes gradually penetrate into people’s lives. Aiming at the disadvantages of traditional data storage such as low flexibility and slow speed, an effective cloud storage system for data storage and management is designed. Through the design of the data cloud storage system structure and database, and the hardware design of the smart home data cloud storage system, this paper provides users with various functions, verifies the practicability of the cloud storage system through system testing and analysis, and improves the functions of the smart home data cloud storage system.

groups

Yangxia Shu mail -

Hai Liu mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.150202

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 15 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics | 2025

Predictive Analysis of Groundwater Resources Using Random Forest Regression

The lack of water is one of the most crucial problems of our day; therefore, optimized water resource management and predictions gathered by patrons are of utmost importance. In the turmoil of a country like India, which lives a variety of lifestyles and has a complicated network of rivers, the urgent need for an active point of view to take care of water shortages becomes exceptionally vital. In this study, India’s groundwater, available at the district level for the year 2017, was the area of focus, with this analysis utilizing a dataset of 689 rows, each representing a district, and 16 columns describing the various groundwater extraction and recharge metrics. The study involves five regression models adapting RandomForestRegressor, DecisionTreeRegressor, MLPRegressor, KNeighborsRegressor, and SupportVectorRegression for water resource evaluation and prediction. Every model is appraised by using a thorough metrics set where we incorporate Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Explained Variance Score (EVS), Max Error, Median Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), R-squared (R2), among others. Our results put the spotlight on RandomForestRegressor, making MSE measures the same as 0.000206624, endorsing its better performance versus the criteria considered. The approach used in this model provides us with an ensemble effect that makes it more robust in the sense that we can capture the interrelationships within the dataset in a comprehensive way. DecisionTreeRegressor also provides nice options for precision and transparency. The use of such models depicts the potential value of predictive analytics, which has the role of improving resource management and planning because we can all agree that the impending water crisis is also a fact. These research outcomes provide us with important data for well-informed decisionmaking and strategic management of water reserves through all avenues and most affected areas to air most of the impact of water scarcity.  

groups

Khaled Sh. Gaber mail -

Manish Kumar Singla mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JAIM.090102

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics | 2025

Developing A Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithm for Anemia Diagnosis

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has significantly transformed the field of blood disease diagnosis, enabling enhanced capabilities in prediction, categorization, and optimization. However, there is still a lack of research exploring the advancement of hybrid machine learning models that combine qualitative and quantitative datasets to address issues associated with blood diseases. To tackle this gap, we evaluate algorithmic combinations using datasets that include key characteristics from complete blood count (CBC) examinations. This manuscript presents an evaluation of prominent deep learning models, such as CNN, RNN, and RCNN, as part of our methodology. The assessment identified XGBoost as the optimal machine learning algorithm, and RCNN as the best deep learning model. Consequently, we propose a hybrid model named ‘RCNNX,’ which integrates Robust Scaler, SelectKBest feature selection, RCNN, and the XGBoost algorithm. The hybrid model, ‘RCNNX,’ achieves exceptional testing accuracy levels of 100% and 95.12% on the Anemia Diagnosis Dataset and a second dataset, respectively. Additionally, it demonstrates recall rates of 100% and 94.64% for the same datasets. These findings highlight the superiority of the proposed model, as it effectively utilizes feature selection to reduce the number of input variables, minimizing the risk of overfitting. Moreover, XGBoost enhances the predictive accuracy of RCNN.

groups

Safa S. Abdul-Jabbar mail -

Alaa k. Farhan mail -

Abdul Hafeez Kandhro mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JAIM.090103

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new

Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things | 2025

Modelling Software Development Effort Using Data-Driven Models

Software effort estimation is highly significant for project management regarding the bidding process since underestimation leads to financial losses, while overestimation may bring the chance of losing a competitive bid. Whereas numerous models have been designed up until now, those developed upon machine learning, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have emerged as preeminent technologies. The proposed research will explore the effectiveness of using the ANN and ANFIS approaches in the estimation of effort for NASA datasets by 13 observations used for training and the rest for the test. To check the precision of models, several measures are used to evaluate the accuracy of the developed model, including the correlation coefficient, RMSE, and MMRE. The findings demonstrate that ANN and ANFIS exhibit superior performance, yielding much higher prediction accuracy compared to conventional Models including Walston-Felix, Doty, Bailey-Basili, and Halstead. It emphasizes ANN and ANFIS as reliable and straightforward software effort estimating methodologies, hence yielding significant enhancements in estimation precision and competitiveness. Their high performance underlines their usefulness to project managers who seek accurate predictions. This study strongly recommends the application of data-driven approaches like ANN and ANFIS to enhance the overall estimation accuracy in software project bidding.

groups

Zainab Rustum Mohsin mail -

Firoj Khan mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.150203

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 15 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things | 2025

Deep Secure: An Integrated Approach to Anomaly Detection and Cryptographic Protection in Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

Industrial Cyber-Physical System (CPS) signify a noteworthy development in industrial automation and control, combining physical and digital parts in order to improve the efficacy, trustworthiness, and functionality of numerous industrial procedures. Industrial CPS are helpful in a huge range of industries such as transportation, energy, manufacturing, and healthcare.  Intrusion detection systems (IDs) assist as vigilant protectors, constantly observing network and physical modules for any illegal access, variances, or doubtful actions. They deliver initial threat recognition and prevent safety breaks and operating troubles. In addition, cryptographic protection guarantees the privacy, honesty and genuineness of data that spread across Industrial CPS systems. By utilizing innovative encryption and authentication devices, cryptographic solutions defense complex data from capture or damage preserving consistency and confidentiality of dangerous industrial procedures. The combination of these safety actions creates a strong defence device, boosting the flexibility of Industrial CPS besides developing cyber threats and protecting the reliability of vital industrial processes. This article presents a Deep Secure: An Integrated Approach to Intrusion Detection and Cryptographic Protection in Industrial CPS environment. The proposed model aims to integrate intrusion detection and cryptographic-based secure communication protocol for industrial CPS environments. The Deep Secure model comprises two major phases: intrusion detection and secure communication. Primarily, the intrusion detection process comprises a self-attention-based bidirectional long short-term memory (SA-BiLSTM) technique. Besides, the deer hunting optimization algorithm (DHOA) achieve hyperparameter tuning of the SA-BiLSTM technique. Moreover, a secure communication protocol is designed by the use of the ElGamal cryptosystem. The experimental result of the Deep Secure method was tested in terms of dissimilar measures. A comprehensive result analysis highlighted the advanced performance of the Deep Secure method when associated to other current approaches.

groups

Sameer Nooh mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JISIoT.150204

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 15 / Iss. Issue 2

Details open_in_new

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics | 2025

K-Nearest Neighbors Approach to Analyze and Predict Air Quality in Delhi

The study considers the community of ”urban air quality improvement in modern cities” using an extensive dataset obtained from ”Air quality data of Delhi, India” for the period between 25 November 2020 and 24 January 2023. Research aims to significantly reduce air pollutants, including particulate matter, including PM2.5 and PM10, NO2, SO2, CO2, O3, and others. Different machine learning models are being used for airquality level forecasts. Among the models assessed, the Nearest Neighbors algorithm comes out on top and exhibits a very low Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.0002. The model’s superb precision is further supported by very low statistics in other key metrics, which confirm the Nearest Neighbors approach to forecasting the quality of air in urban zones. The Nearest Neighbors algorithm is shown to have its place in the application as a tool in the hands of researchers and decision-makers pursuing the fight against air pollution is also a signal of its efficiency and broad applicability. This modeling approach has thus the potential to first identify and later pinpoint localized empirical patterns and statistical dependencies from the data set. Its high predictive precision makes it a very valuable assistant to public health and environmental management, especially so in regions like Delhi.

groups

Ahmed Mohamed Zaki mail -

Shahid Mahmood mail

link https://doi.org/10.54216/JAIM.090104

Volume & Issue

Vol. Volume 9 / Iss. Issue 1

Details open_in_new