International Journal of Neutrosophic Science

Driver drowsiness has been identified as a major cause of roadway accidents globally. Efficiently determining the extent of drowsiness can greatly enhance preventive measures. This study proposes a novel approach, combining convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) to dynamically evaluate both the presence of drowsiness and its severity based on the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR). By bridging spatial features extracted by CNNs with temporal sequences through GRU, our model offers a robust and real-time assessment of drowsiness levels, paving the way for enhanced safety measures in vehicular systems. Incorporating Neutrosophic Logic enables a more robust representation of uncertainty and ambiguity in the data and enhances the accuracy of driver drowsiness level detection within the Hybrid CNN-GRU framework. The model’s hybrid CNN-GRU structure combines CNN layers to extract spatial information from Human eye Images and GRU units to represent temporal correlations between frames. In-car cameras and sensors must be integrated to implement the suggested system in real-time and enable continuous driver behavior monitoring. The system alerts early warnings and takes action when drowsiness is detected, lowering the likelihood of accidents caused by weary drivers. The CNN-GRU hybrid architecture accurately detects fatigue during real-time driving. Performance metrics, including accuracy, recall, and F1-score, are provided for comparative research utilizing baseline models. Model behavior may be understood by visualizing tiredness detection and carefully examining false positives and negatives. The proposed CNN-GRU framework outperforms traditional methods such as SVM, KNN, and BPNN by achieving a significantly higher accuracy of 99.5%. It increases the recognition of driver tiredness by proposing a trustworthy and adaptable hybrid CNN-GRU deep learning system. This project is implemented in Python; it offers a practical and versatile solution for real-time driver drowsiness level detection. The proposed technology has the potential to dramatically increase traffic safety by sending out early warnings and taking steps to lessen the risks related to driver fatigue.

In this paper, we presented symbolic plithogenic complex numbers, and studied the arithmetic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Also, we defined the conjugate, inverted and the absolute value of symbolic plithogenic complex numbers, the theories related to the conjugate of symbolic plithogenic complex numbers are proved.

The environmental disarray caused by plastic usage alarms the world leaders to join hands in making coordinated efforts in creating a green globe to support environment for the future generation. The responsibility of promoting environmental sustainability is not confined to government alone as all the producer companies have equal share in mitigating the plastic waste. One of the ideal strategies of environmental conservation practiced by many of the nations at recent times is extended producer’s responsibility (EPR). This research work purposes in building a multi-criteria decision-making model integrating the methods of MACBETH (Measuring attractiveness through a categorical-based evaluation technique) and MAIRCA (Multi Attributive Ideal-Real Comparative Analysis) in plithogenic environment to make optimal decisions on the plastic recycling methods subjected to four core criteria in EPR context. The efficiency of the newly developed integrated model is determined by comparing the model with other models integrating MAIRCA with the methods of CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) & FUCOM (Full Consistency Method). The sensitivity analysis helps in listing the merits and limitations of the proposed integrated model and also the consistency of the criterion weights and the ranking of the alternatives are checked.

In this work, we study the generating of Pythagoras quadruples in the sets of weak fuzzy complex integers and anti-weak fuzzy complex integers, where we present sufficient and necessary conditions for generating Pythagoras quadruples in the mentioned sets. Also, we present many examples to clarify our work's validity and novelty.

The main goal of this paper is to study the algebraic properties of the symbolic n-plithogenic matrices in two different special cases (for n=13, n=14). We present many theorems that describe the algebraic behavior of these matrices, where an algorithm for computing determinants, inverses, and eigenvalues will be provided. On the other hand, the relationships between symbolic 13-plithogenic/14-plithogenic matrices and their classical components will be derived.

We propose the concept of diophantine Q-neutrosophic subbisemiring(DioQNSBS), level sets of DioQNSBS of a bisemiring. The idea of DioQNSBS is an extension of fuzzy subbisemiring over bisemiring. Exploring the concept for DioQNSBS over bisemiring. Let H be the diophantine Q-neutrosophic subset in D, prove H = ⟨(Γ_H^T,Γ_H^I,Γ_H^F ), (ΛH, ΞH, ΦH )⟩ is a DioQNSBS of D if and only if all non empty level set H(t,s) is a subbisemiring of D for t, s ∈ [0, 1]. Let H be the DioQNSBS of a bisemiring D and M be the strongest diophantine Q-neutrosophic relation (SDioQNSR)of D, we notice H is a DioQNSBS of D if and only if M is a DioQNSBS of D × D. Let H1, H2, ..., Hn be the family of DioQNSBSs of D1, D2, ..., Dn respectively, prove H1 × H2 × ... × Hn is a DioQNSBS of D1 × D2 × ... × Dn. The homomorphic image of DioQNSBS is a DioQNSBS. The homomorphic preimage of DioQNSBS is a DioQNSBS. Illustrations are presented to demonstrate results.

This article presents a new single valued decagonal Neutrosophic number. The single valued decagonal Neutrosophic number is Deneutrosophicated with the help of bounded area method. The bounded area formula is derived. The single valued decagonal Neutrosophic number is used in the decision-making problem. The performance of students is analyzed using a ranking method. The attributes are taken from the problems related to students and teachers. The attributes are ranked through the single valued decagonal Neutrosophic number.

For addressing issues in several domains, such as theoretical computer science, engineering, physics, combinatorics, and the medical sciences, graph theory is a crucial component of mathematics. Graph coloring is one of the new settings that is emerging in a neutrosophic chromatic number environment. In addition to introducing the idea of bipolar triangular neutrosophic chromatic graphs (BTNCG), this work also examines and demonstrates the algebraic assumption. The proposed concept has been applied in a traffic signal system to discover a new lane to avoid traffic in peak hours.

The concept of symbolic n-plithogenic algebraic matrices as symmetric structures with n+1 symmetric classical components with the special definition of the multiplication operation. This paper is dedicated to studying the properties of symbolic 10, and 9-plithogenic real square matrices and 11, 12-plithogenic real matrices from algebraic point of view, where algorithms for computing the eigenvalues and determinants will be proved. Also, the inverse of a symbolic n-plithogenic matrix for the special values n=10, n=9, n=11, and n=12 will be presented.

This piece of paper aims to learn neutrosophic near algebra and neutrosophic sub near algebra. This paper is summarized with the suitable definitions and theorems of neutrosophic near algebra and neutrosophic sub near algebra. It has also been demonstrated that the direct product of neutrosophic near algebra is a neutrosophic near algebra and the intersection of neutrosophic sub near algebra is a neutrosophic near algebra on a neutrosophic field. It also examined the union of couple of neutrosophic near algebras is a neutrosophic near algebra.

In this article, we first establish a few relationships among neutrosophic interior, neutrosophic closure, neutrosophic pre-open sets, and neutrosophic pre-closed sets in single-valued neutrosophic topological spaces. Thereafter, we defined neutrosophic pre-  space, neutrosophic pre-  space, and neutrosophic pre-  space based on single-valued neutrosophic topological spaces and studied a few properties and relationships among them. We try to establish some relationships between existing neutrosophic separation axioms and newly defined neutrosophic pre-separation axioms. Finally, we study some hereditary properties of pre-separation axioms. Apart from these, we also explore some results implementing neutrosophic pre-open function, neutrosophic pre-continuous function, neutrosophic pre-irresolute function and neutrosophic pre -function based on our defined definitions.  

In this paper, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for a weak fuzzy complex integer triple (X,Y, Z) to be a pythagoras triple, and for an anti-weak fuzzy complex integer triple   to be a Pythagoras triple  (X,Y, Z), where we prove that the non-linear Fermat's Diophantine equation  has three different types of solutions according to the value of . All types will be solved and discussed in terms of theorems and examples that explains how the algorithms work