Journal of Social Problems Research

The present investigation provided scientific and legal knowledge, where the regulation of shared tenure within the Ecuadorian legal system was analyzed, since maternal as well as paternal rights may be violated, in order to ensure the best interests of children, girls and adolescents when there are separations between parents. For its study, a type of descriptive research was applied with field and documentary design. The interview and survey techniques were used, the results of which allowed to determine in what percentage the rights of children and adolescents have been violated. The results evidenced the need for a preliminary draft of reform to article 118 of the Code of the Childhood and the Adolescence on the shared possession, after the dissolution of the matrimonial bond, to safeguard the rights of the children who are in the stage of the childhood and adolescence. In conclusion, it is necessary to examine the social and psychological effects on children after the dissolution of the marriage bond, because it is the beginning of a range of breaches of children's rights, since in the phase of separation in most of the cases parents only seek their welfare without thinking about children and adolescents, to this is added the application of the law regarding the custody of children.

Humanity has struggled for its conservation over time, from the conception stage the child girl has had a primordial attention, so nowadays she has been subjected to several sociological and ethical studies about the legal interruption of life in Latin American countries in recent years has introduced to their legislation the possibility of decriminalizing abortion, so justifying that the termination of pregnancy is not threatening life because the product that is in the womb is a fetus not considered yet person, from when a human being is considered to have life or since when is its origin ?, Some scholars indicate from its conception others since its birth, but the most successful is that life is formed from its conception, has its rights recognized in treaties and international conventions, Constitution of the Republic, organic laws, ordinary laws. The objective of the research is to identify the legal contradiction that exists in the bills of the decriminalization of abortion and the constitutional norm that protects the right to life from its conception. The research carried out was based on the application of logical historical methods, inductive deductive, synthetic analytical, having as objective the present, to determine if legally the project presented to decriminalize abortion in Ecuador is consistent with the Ecuadorian constitutional norm.

In the workplace the worker is considered the weakest part of the employment relationship and untimely dismissal is a social problem in Ecuador, for which compensation has been determined in the legal regulations, provided that it has been voluntarily recognized or proven in a legal proceeding, the plaintiff (ex-worker) being the party required to prove that assertion, which is complicated given the circumstances in which a dismissal is made. Hence, the objective in this paper was to determine who should correspond in a legal process to prove the existence or not of an untimely dismissal. Theoretical and empirical methods were used, the results of which in the city of Santo Domingo showed that of the cases resolved in 2017, 89% could not prove the existence of untimely dismissal and the surveys carried out by legal professionals. 90% said that there should be a reversal of burden of proof to the employer to prove the inexistence of untimely dismissal. Based on this, it was concluded that it is necessary to implement the reversal of the burden of proof on the inexistence of untimely dismissal in order to strengthen and allow workers to have fair access to their compensations and benefits, preventing the employer from taking advantage of them of the difficulty and limited evidence that the former worker has at his disposal at the time of termination of employment in an untimely manner.

The aim was to describe the employment possibilities of graduates in the UNIANDES Ibarra Law course, their competences and functions, for which theoretical positions were used that address follow-up programs for graduates in higher education, the analysis of their competences and their impact on labor markets. Descriptive field research was applied, with a quantitative approach, the sample was integrated by 122 legal professionals and the questionnaire was used as an instrument, and descriptive statistics complemented with qualitative analysis allowed interpreting the data. The findings indicate that the surveyed law professionals have the skills required to start their work projects, however, they have faced limitations that prevent them from achieving sustained development, this information should be used by the University and by the State to join efforts and redefining its policies with the goal of satisfying the training and employability demands of legal professionals  

Worldwide, the treatment of Perthes' disease in children and adolescents is a complex and unresolved problem. This is a common pathology that, with timely detection and proper therapy, is successfully treated, but in their absence can provoke the development of severe complications and cause early disability. Improving the results of treatment and rehabilitation of children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Our research is based on archival data and on survey observation using digitalization, the total number of patients is 150 children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease on inpatient treatment at the pediatric orthopedics clinic of the RSSPMC of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period from 2008 to 2022. All patients had previously undergone conservative treatment of congenital hip dislocation. In the early stages of the pathology, 69.6% of children aged 3-6 years complained of fatigue in the hip joint after a long walk or run but did not notice pain. An orthopedic device has been developed to achieve maximum unloading of the hip joint when walking. The proposed device is convenient and when used, maximum unloading of the hip joint is achieved when walking.