493 486
Full Length Article
Fusion: Practice and Applications
Volume 12 , Issue 2, PP: 42-53 , 2023 | Cite this article as | XML | Html |PDF

Title

Blockchain based Certificate Validation

  Rachna Jain 1 * ,   Geetika Dhand 2 ,   Kavita Sheoran 3 ,   Shaily Malik 4 ,   Nishtha Jatana 5

1  JSS Academy of technical education, Noida, India
    (rachnajain@jssaten.ac.in)

2  Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
    (geetika.dhand@gmil.com)

3  Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
    (kavita.sheoran@gmail.com)

4  Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
    (shaily.malik33@gmail.com)

5  Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
    (nishtha.jatana@gmail.com)

Full Text Download


Doi   :   https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204

Received: January 12, 2023 Revised: April 18, 2023 Accepted: June 14, 2023

Abstract :

Certificate management is a tedious task for any university or any other organization. These schemes impose problems in Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Checking the validity and preserving the security of these documents is of utmost importance. In this work, we have devised a blockchain-based solution for preventing malfunctioning in certificate validation which is an important step for any university. Each certificate is uploaded in its hash format and is stored using blockchain. The hashes are stored in unique transactions in nodes, which are deployed on a private network. Using the SHA-256 hashing algorithm, the certificates are uploaded into the system and can be viewed by anyone with the right credentials. Due to the usage of blockchain technology, the certificates are stored in a decentralized manner, which ensures there is no central point of failure. Any changes in the uploaded document need to be validated by other nodes. This paper also improvises that when certificate uploading is required new nodes are added, instead of modifying the past blocks. This work provides a very user-friendly app where any user with the right credentials can upload documents. In this work, digitized documents are stored using Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) which is distributed method of storage. Our theoretical analysis proves that it is a user-friendly application with the security of blockchain technology in partnership with IPFS. Only the issuer can upload documents and others can only view them. Using our proposed solution, problem of malicious certificates can be tackled with E-certification. The proposed method solves all the issues of storing, validating, and sharing documents. Chaotic Map technique is used in hash generation which is quite simple to implement. The proposed approach Chaotic Key based Certificate validation (CK-Cert) provides a hassle-free solution for certificate managements since it better manages the block size as compared to previously proposed techniques (PBCert and CertChain) as discussed with the help of graphs.

Keywords :

Blockchain; Smart City; Intelligent Systems; Certificate validation; Hashing

References :

 

[1] S., Sharma, P.K., Yoon, B., Shojafar, M., Cho, G.H. and Ra, I.H., 2020. Convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in IoT network for the sustainable smart city. Sustainable Cities and Society, 63, p.102364.

                    [2] Xie, J., Tang, H., Huang, T., Yu, F.R., Xie, R., Liu, J. and Liu, Y., 2019. A survey of blockchain technology   applied   to   smart   cities:   Research   issues   and   challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 21(3), pp.2794-2830.

                    [3] Khan, Z., Abbasi, A.G. and Pervez, Z., 2020. Blockchain and edge computing–based architecture for participatory smart city applications. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 32(12), p.e5566.

                    [4] Qian, Z., 2021. The Integration of Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence for a SmartCity. Academic Journal of Computing & Information Science, 4(8).

                    [5] Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H.N., Chen, X. and Wang, H., 2018. Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey. International journal of web and grid services, 14(4), pp.352-375.

                    [6] Aamir, M., Qureshi, R., Khan, F.A. and Huzaifa, M., 2020. Blockchain based academic records verification in smart cities. Wireless Personal Communications, 113(3), pp.1397-1406.

                    [7] Monrat, A.A., Schelén, O. and Andersson, K., 2019. A survey of blockchain from the perspectives of applications, challenges, and opportunities. IEEE Access, 7, pp.117134-117151.

                    [8] Bhutta, M.N.M., Khwaja, A.A., Nadeem, A., Ahmad, H.F., Khan, M.K., Hanif, M.A., Song,H., Alshamari, M. and Cao, Y., 2021. A survey on blockchain technology: evolution, architecture and security. IEEE Access, 9, pp.61048-61073.

                    [9] Alsunaidi, S.J. and Alhaidari, F.A., 2019, April. A survey of consensus algorithms for blockchain technology. In 2019 International Conference on Computer and Information Sciences (ICCIS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

                    [10] Shrimali, B. and Patel, H.B., 2021. Blockchain state-of-the-art: architecture, use cases, consensus, challenges and opportunities. Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences.

                    [11] Johar, S., Ahmad, N., Asher, W., Cruickshank, H. and Durrani, A., 2021. Research and applied perspective to              blockchain           technology: A              comprehensive survey. Applied 395              Sciences, 11(14), p.6252.

                    [12]        Kaur,     A., Nayyar, A.     and Singh, P., 2020. Blockchain: A path to the future. Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain technology applications, pp.25-42.

                   [13] Dharmalingam, R., Ugail, H., Shivasankarappa, A.N. and Dharmalingam, V., 2022.Framework for   Digitally   Managing   Academic   Records   Using   Blockchain Technology. In Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics (pp. 633-645). Springer, Singapore.

                    [14] Han, M., Li, Z., He, J., Wu, D., Xie, Y. and Baba, A., 2018, September. A novel blockchain-based education records verification solution. In Proceedings of the 19th annual SIG conference on information technology education (pp. 178-183).

                 [15] Badr, A., Rafferty, L., Mahmoud, Q.H., Elgazzar, K. and Hung, P.C., 2019, June. A permissioned blockchain-based system for verification of academic records. In 2019 10th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

                [16] Bhagwat, M., Shah, J.C., Bilimoria, A., Parkar, P. and Patel, D., 2020, July. Blockchain to improve Academic Governance. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

                    [17] Bhumichitr, K. and Channarukul, S., 2020, July. Acachain: Academic credential attestation system using blockchain. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Advances in Information Technology (pp. 1-8).

                    [18] Rasool, S., Saleem, A., Iqbal, M., Dagiuklas, T., Mumtaz, S. and ulQayyum, Z., 2020. Docschain:   Blockchain-based   IoT   solution   for   verification   of   degree   documents. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 7(3), pp.827-837.

                    [19] Awaji, B., Solaiman, E. and Marshall, L., 2020, July. Blockchain-based trusted achievement record system design. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Information and Education Innovations (pp. 46-51).

                    [20] Ghaffar, A. and Hussain, M., 2019, July. BCEAP-A blockchain embedded academic paradigm to augment legacy education through application. In Proceedings of the 3rdInternational Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems (pp. 1-11).

                    [21] Jha, A., Bhattacharjee, R.K., Nandi, M. and Barbhuiya, F.A., 2019, July. A framework for maintaining citizenship record on blockchain. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM international symposium on blockchain and secure critical infrastructure (pp. 29-38).

                    [22] Patel, K. and Das, M.L., 2020, January. Transcript management using blockchain enabled smart      contracts. In InternationalConferenceonDistributedComputingandInternetTechnology (pp. 392-407). Springer, Cham.

                    [23] Curmi, A. and Inguanez, F., 2018, July. Blockchain based certificate verification platform. In International Conference on Business Information Systems (pp. 211-216). Springer, Cham.

                    [24] Shariar, A., Imran, M.A., Paul, P. and Rahman, A., 2020, January. A decentralized computational system built on blockchain for educational institutions. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing Advancements (pp. 1-6).

                    [25] Yao, S., Chen, J., He, K., Du, R., Zhu, T. and Chen, X., 2018. PBCert: Privacy-preserving blockchain-based certificate status validation toward mass storage management. IEEE Access, 7, 435, pp.6117-6128.

                    [26] Wang, Z., Lin, J., Cai, Q., Wang, Q., Zha, D. and Jing, J., 2020. Blockchain-based certificate transparency and revocation transparency. IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing.

                [27] Yakubov, A., Shbair, W., Wallbom, A. and Sanda, D., 2018. A blockchain-based PKI management framework. In The First IEEE/IFIP International Workshop on Managing and Managed by Blockchain (Man2Block) colocated with IEEE/IFIP NOMS 2018, Tapei, Tawain3-27 April 2018.

                 [28] Imam, I.T., Arafat, Y., Alam, K.S. and Shahriyar, S.A., 2021, February. DOC-BLOCK: A Blockchain Based Authentication System for Digital Documents. In 2021 Third International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and   Virtual   Mobile   Networks 446      (ICICV) (pp. 1262-1267). IEEE.

                 [29] Gundgurti, P.E., Alluri, K., Gundgurti, P.E. and Vaishnavi, G., 2020, July. Smart and Secure Certificate Validation System through Blockchain. In 2020 Second International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA) (pp. 862-868). IEEE.

                    [30] Gayathiri, A., Jayachitra, J. and Matilda, S., 2020, July. Certificate validation using blockchain. In 2020 7th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

                 [31] Belurgikar, D.A., Kshirsagar, J.K., Dhananjaya, K.K. and Vineeth, N., 2019, March. Identity solutions for verification using blockchain technology. In 2019 1st International Conference on Advanced Technologies in Intelligent Control, Environment, Computing &Communication Engineering (ICATIECE) (pp. 121-126). IEEE.

                 [32] Bahrami, M., Movahedian, A. and Deldari, A., 2020, October. A Comprehensive Blockchain-based solution For Academic Certificates Management Using Smart Contracts. In 2020 10th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE) (pp. 573-578). IEEE.

                    [33] Li, X., Jiang, P., Chen, T., Luo, X. and Wen, Q., 2020. A survey on the security of blockchain systems. Future Generation Computer Systems, 107, pp.841-853.

                    [34] Garba, A., Chen, Z., Guan, Z. and Srivastava, G., 2021. LightLedger: A novel blockchain-based domain certificate authentication and validation scheme. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering, 8(2), pp.1698-1710.

         [35]Y. Zhang, C. Xu, X. Lin and X. Shen, "Blockchain-Based Public Integrity Verification for Cloud Storage against Procrastinating Auditors," in IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 923-937, 1 July-Sept. 2021, doi:10.1109/TCC.2019.2908400.

                    [36] Y. Xu, C. Zhang, G. Wang, Z. Qin and Q. Zeng, "A Blockchain-Enabled Deduplicatable Data Auditing Mechanism for Network Storage Services," in IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, vol.9, no. 3, pp.1421-1432, July-Sept. 2021, doi:10.1109/TETC.2020.3005610.

             [37] R. Zhou, M. He and Z. Chen, "Certificateless Public Auditing Scheme with Data Privacy Preserving for Cloud Storage," 2021 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics (ICCCBDA),2021, pp. 675-682, doi:10.1109/ICCCBDA51879.2021.9442586.

 

Cite this Article as :
Style #
MLA Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana. "Blockchain based Certificate Validation." Fusion: Practice and Applications, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2023 ,PP. 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
APA Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana. (2023). Blockchain based Certificate Validation. Journal of Fusion: Practice and Applications, 12 ( 2 ), 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
Chicago Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana. "Blockchain based Certificate Validation." Journal of Fusion: Practice and Applications, 12 no. 2 (2023): 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
Harvard Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana. (2023). Blockchain based Certificate Validation. Journal of Fusion: Practice and Applications, 12 ( 2 ), 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
Vancouver Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana. Blockchain based Certificate Validation. Journal of Fusion: Practice and Applications, (2023); 12 ( 2 ): 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
IEEE Rachna Jain, Geetika Dhand, Kavita Sheoran, Shaily Malik, Nishtha Jatana, Blockchain based Certificate Validation, Journal of Fusion: Practice and Applications, Vol. 12 , No. 2 , (2023) : 42-53 (Doi   :  https://doi.org/10.54216/FPA.120204)
↑