American Journal of Business and Operations Research

Journal DOI

https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR

Submit Your Paper

2692-2967ISSN (Online) 2770-0216ISSN (Print)

Volume 3 , Issue 1 , PP: 05-38, 2021 | Cite this article as | XML | Html | PDF | Full Length Article

The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq

Ali Alfartoosi 1 * , Mohd Abdullah Jusoh 2 , Hussein Jaleel Mohsin 3 , Harith Yas 4

  • 1 University Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjong Malim, Tanjong Malim, Perak Darul Ridzuan 35900, Malaysia - (ali004387@gmail.com)
  • 2 Middle Technical University, Institute of Administration Rusafa, Baghdad, Iraq - (Mohd.Ju22@gmail.com)
  • 3 Middle Technical University, Institute of Administration Rusafa, Baghdad, Iraq - (Hussein-Jaleel@gmail.com)
  • 4 Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi, Johor Bahru, Johor 54100, Malaysia - (Harith-Yas1@gmail.com)
  • Doi: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102

    Received January 03, 2021 Accepted May 05, 2021
    Abstract

    E- accounting within the company add value to the company, such as high quality, fast decision making, cost reduction and easy to use so as to perform key activities in value chain effectively and efficiently, improve quality and improve efficiency (Suzan et al., 2020). Recently, the request to explore online financial transaction have been stipulated due to the soaring impact on the bureaucratic accomplishment (Al-Delawi and Ramo,2020). The existing literature indicates that various studies have been undertaken to examine how e-accounting influence the in-house control system and the concert, in the various theoretical frameworks. Nevertheless, researches which investigate the different magnitudes of e-accounting is relatively low. Only a few studies have examined the e-accounting characteristics on internal control system as well as its performance. Additionally, there seems to be a lack of research exploring how the above relationships are affected by the constructs. The current study, therefore, explores the link between the quality of information, cost savings, quick decision-making and easy to use by using e-accounting to tract the control system the inside the company and its performance. The relationship between the control system in the company and its output is explored by the current research. The research model comprises of  a list presumption which is  used to investigate the outcomes, and 345 accountants working at the commercial SME in Iraq are involved as the respondents. The analysis is conducted through Smart PLS to confirm that the e-accounting features impact the concert and the efficiency of internal control system positively. The results obtained is noteworthy in the theory and practice through a finer-grained in the understanding of the impact of SME in relation to the characteristics of e- accounting, the control system in the company and its presentation.

    Keywords :

    E- accounting features, Internal Control, the performance in SME

    References

    1.      Abba, M., Yahaya, L., & Suleiman, N. (2018). Explored and critique of contingency theory for management accounting research. Journal of Accounting and Financial Management ISSN4(5), 2018.

    2.      Abdullah, N. A. H., Ahmad, A. H., Zainudin, N., & Rus, R. M. (2019). Predicting financially distressed small-and medium-sized enterprises in Malaysia. Global Business Review, 20(3), 627–639.

    3.      Abiodun, E. A. (2020). Internal Control Procedures And Firm’s Performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9 (02), 64076415

    4.     Adebayo, M., Idowu, K. A., Yusuf, B., & Bolarinwa, S. A. (2013). Accounting information system as an aid to decision making in food and beverages companies in Nigeria. Australian journal of business and management research, 3(9), 26-33. 

    5.      Adenike, A. T. (2017). Accounting information system and management decision making: a case study of manufacturing company in Nigeria. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, 5(11), 66-74. 

    6.      Aguinis, h., & vandenberg, r. J. (2014). An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure: improving research quality before data collection. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., 1(1), 569-595.

    7.      Ahmad, M. A., & Al-Shbiel, S. O. (2019). The effect of accounting information system on organizational performance in Jordanian industrial SMEs: The mediating role of knowledge management. International Journal of Business and Social Science10(3), 125-133.

    8.      Alawaqleh, Q. A. (2021). The Effect of Internal Control on Employee Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Jordan: The Role of Accounting Information System. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business8(3), 855-863. 

    9.      Alawi, M., Rashid, N., Al-Shami, S. A., & Al-Lamy, H. (2018). The determinants of E-commerce quality on small business performance in Iraq case study from ceramic industry. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems10(2), 1348-1360.

    10.    Al-Dalabih, F. A. (2018). The Impact of the use of accounting information systems on the quality of financial data. International Business Research, 11(5), 143-158. 

    11.     Al-Delawi, A. S., & Ramo, W. M. (2020). The impact of accounting information system on performance management. Polish Journal of Management Studies21.

    12.    Al-Dmour, A. H., & Al-Dmour, R. H. (2018). Applying multiple linear regression and neural network to predict business performance using the reliability of accounting information system. International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting (IJCFA)5(2), 12- 26. 

    13.    Alfartoosi, A., & Jusoh, M. A. (2020). A Conceptual Model of E-accounting: Mediating effect of Internal Control System on the Relationship Between E-accounting and the Performance in the Small and Medium Enterprises.

    14.    Alhasan, A., Audah, L., Ibrahim, I., Al-Sharaa, A., Al-Ogaili, A. S., & Mohammed, J. M. (2020). A case-study to examine doctors’ intentions to use IoT healthcare devices in Iraq during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications.

    15.    Ali, S. I., Flayyih, H. H., & Talab, H. R. (2018). Effect of Ethical Culture on the Opinion of an Auditor: An Analytical study of Iraq Environment. Journal of Economic & Management Perspectives12(2), 432-447.

    16.    Alshikhi, O., & Abdullah, B. (2018). information quality: definitions, measurement, dimensions, and relationship with decision making. European Journal of Business and Innovation Research, 6(5), 36-42. 

    17.     Al-Waeli, A. J., Hanoon, R. N., Ageeb, H. A., & Idan, H. Z. (2020). Impact of Accounting Information System on Financial Performance with the Moderating Role of Internal Control in Iraqi Industrial Companies: An Analytical Study. Jour of Adv Research in Dynamical & Control Systems12(8), 246-261. 

    18.    Andarwati, M., Zuhroh, D., & Amrullah, F. (2020). Determinants of perceived usefulness and end-user accounting information system in SMEs. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology29(8), 46-61. 

    19.    Azmi, f., & Azhar, s. (2020). The accounting information system quality improvement through internal control and top management support effectiveness. Similiarity.

    20.   Bandura, A. (1986). The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal of social and clinical psychology, 4(3), 359-373. 

    21.    Bardhan, I. R., & Thouin, M. F. (2013). Health information technology and its impact on the quality and cost of healthcare delivery. Decision Support Systems, 55(2), 438-449. 

    22.   Bastian, H., & Andreas, W. (2012). A Bibliometric View on the Use of Contingency Theory in Project Management Research. Project Management Journal, 43(3), 4-23. 

    23.   Bataineh, A. (2018). the effect of using computerized accounting information systems on reducing production costs in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies.International  Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)7(7), 1-10. 

    24.   Beg, K. (2018). Impact of Accounting Information system on the financial performance of Selected FMCG companies. Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology2(3), 08-17.

    25.   Chenhall, R. H. (2003). Management control systems design within its organizational context:  findings from contingency-based research and directions for the future. Accounting, organizations and society, 28(2-3), 127-168. 

    26.   Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research295(2), 295-336. 

    27.    Chirchir, L. K., Aruasa, W. K., & Chebon, S. K. (2019). Perceived usefulness and ease of use as mediators of the effect of health information systems on user performance, 7(1), 22 -37. 

    28.   Choudhari, A. A. (2018). Techniques to reduce the cost of raw material and to gain the profits. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)5.

    29.   Cicea, C., Popa, I., Marinescu, C., & Catalina Ștefan, S. (2019). Determinants of SMEs’ performance: evidence from European countries. Economic research-Ekonomska.

    30.   Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2002). Research methods in education: Routledge Falmer, (6th edition). 

    31.    Cribb, J. (2006). Agents or stewards? Contracting with voluntary organisations. Policy Quarterly, Vol 2- No 2. 

    32.   Daniel, C. O., & Inim Victor, (2019), E. Impact of Accounting Information System as a Management Tool in Organisations 3, 4, 14-20.

    33.   Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS quarterly, 319-340. 

    34.   Davis, F. D. (1986). A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems. Cambridge, MA.

    35.   Donaldson, L. (2006). The contingency theory of organizational design: challenges and opportunities. In Organization design (pp. 19-40). Springer, Boston, MA.

    36.   Donaldson, L., & Davis, J. H. (1991). Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns. Australian Journal of management, 16(1), 49-64. 

    37.    Ebimobowei, A., & Binaebi, B. (2013). An Examination of the effectiveness of auditing of local government financial reports in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 5(2), 45-53. 

    38.   Eisenfuhr, F. (2011). Decision making. New York, NY, American Journal of Nursing Research,6 (6), 524-532. 

    39.   Ejoh, N., & Ejom, P. (2014). The impact of internal control activities on financial performance of tertiary institutions in Nigeria.Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development5(16), 133-143. 

    40.   Ekienabor, E., & Oluwole, O. S. (2018). Reliability of Timeliness in Financial Reporting in Nigeria. International Journal of Research Publications1(1), 1-15. 

    41.    El-dalabeeh, A. E. R. K. (2019). The Impact of Accounting Information Systems Development on Improving E-Commerce in the Jordanian Public Shareholding Industrial Companies. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal23(2), 1-11.

    42.   Ernawatiningsih, N. P. L., & Kepramareni, P. (2019). Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems and the Affecting Factors. International Journal of Applied Business and International Management4(2), 33-40. 

    43.   Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1977). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research.

    44.   Flayyih, H. H., Mohammed, Y. N., & Talab, H. R. (2019). The role of accounting information in reducing the funding constraints of small and medium enterprises in Iraq. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure8(4), 1-10. 

    45.   Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research18(1), 39-50. 

    46.   Ganyam, A. I., & Ivungu, J. A. (2019). Effect of accounting information system on financial performance of firms: A review of literature.Journal of Business and Management21(5), 39-49. 

    47.   Gefen, D., Straub, D., & Boudreau, M. C. (2000). Structural equation modeling and regression: Guidelines for research practice. Communications of the association for information systems4(1), pg. 7. 

    48.   Gomezelj Omerzel, D., & Smolcic Jurdana, D. (2016). The influence of intellectual capital on innovativeness and growth in tourism SMEs: empirical evidence from Slovenia and Croatia. Economic research-Ekonomska istrazivanja29(1), 1075-1090. 

    49.   Gonzalez, G. C., & Hoffman, V. B. (2018). Continuous auditing's effectiveness as a fraud deterrent. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory37(2), 225-247. 

    50.   HA, V. D. (2020). Impact of organizational culture on the accounting information system and operational performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business7(2), 301-308. 

    51.    Hair Jr, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). PLS-SEM or CB- SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis1(2), 107-123. 

    52.   Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European business review.

    53.   Hair, j. F., ringle, c. M., & sarstedt, m. (2011). Pls-sem: indeed, a silver bullet. Journal of marketing theory and practice, 19(2), 139-152.

    54.   Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice hall, 5(3), 207-219.

    55.    Haldma, T., & Laats, K. (2002). Contingencies influencing the management accounting practices of Estonian manufacturing companies. Management accounting research, 13(4), 379-400. 

    56.   Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science43(1), 115-135. 

    57.    Holjevac, z. (2012). The importance of equality before the law and the communication revolution in the process of shaping modern European nations. Teaching History, 19 (1), 65-70. 

    58.   Holzhacker, H., & Skakova, D. (2019). Kyrgyz Republic Diagnostic. 

    59.   Hutahayan, B. (2020). The mediating role of human capital and management accounting information system in the relationship between innovation strategy and internal process performance and the impact on corporate financial performance. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 27(4),1289-1318. 

    60.   Huy, P. Q., & Phuc, V. K. (2020). The impact of Public Sector Scorecard adoption on the effectiveness of accounting information systems towards the sustainable performance in Public Sector. Cogent Business & Management7(1), 1717718.

    61.    Ibrahim, R., Leng, N., Yusoff, R., Samy, G., Masrom, S., &Rizman, Z. (2017). E-learning acceptance based on technology acceptance model (TAM). Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 9(4S), 871-889. 

    62.   Ibrahim, S., Diibuzie, G., & Abubakari, M. (2017). The Impact of Internal Control Systems on Financial Performance: The Case of Health Institutions in Upper West Region of Ghana. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(4), 684-696. 

    63.   Jokipii, A. (2010). Determinants and consequences of internal control in firms: a contingency theory-based analysis. Journal of Management & Governance, 14(2), 115-144. 

    64.   Kanakriyah, R. (2017). The impact of accounting information systems on the banks success: Evidence from Jordan. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting8(17), 1-15. 

    65.   Lanlan, Z., Ahmi, A., & Popoola, O. M. J. (2019). Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and the usage of computerized accounting systems: A performance of micro and small enterprises (mses) in china.International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering8(2), 324-331. 

    66.   Lawita, N. F. (2020). The Influence of Accounting Information System (AIS) on Internal Control in a Company. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi)4(3), 459-471.

    67.    Leitao, J., & Franco, M. (2008). Individual entrepreneurship capacity and performance of SMEs. Management and Economics Department, Available at SSRN 1118257. 

    68.   Levitt, h. M., bamberg, m., creswell, j. W., frost, d. M., josselson, r., & suarez-orozco, c. (2018). Journal article reporting standards for qualitative primary, qualitative meta-analytic, and mixed methods research in psychology: the apa publications and communications board task force report. American psychologist, 73(1), 26.

    69.   Lutfi, A., Al-Okaily, M., Alsyouf, A., Alsaad, A., & Taamneh, A. (2020). The Impact of AIS Usage on AIS Effectiveness Among Jordanian SMEs: A Multi-group Analysis of the Role of Firm Size. Global Business Review,1(19). 

    70.   Mardi, M., PERDANA, P. N., SUPARNO, S., & MUNANDAR, I. A. (2020). Effect of Accounting Information Systems, Teamwork, and Internal Control on Financial Reporting Timeliness. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business7(12), 809-818.

    71.     Meagher, K. J., & Wait, A. (2013). Delegation of decisions about change in organizations: the roles of competition, trade, uncertainty, and scale. The Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, 30(4), 709-733. 

    72.    Memon, m. A., ting, h., ramayah, t., chuah, f., & cheah, j. H. (2017). A review of the methodological misconceptions and guidelines related to the application of structural equation modeling: a Malaysian scenario. Journal of applied structural equation modeling, 1(1), 1-13.

    73.    Muliyani, m. (2020). the use of importance-performance analysis (IPA) in evaluating factors influencing data quality of public sector accounting information system in Indonesia. accounting and business journal2(1), 61-70. 

    74.   Neziraj, E. Q., & Berisha Shaqiri, A. (2018). The Impact of Information Technology in Decision Making Process of Companies in Kosovo. Informatologia, 51(1-2), 13-23. 

    75.    Nirwanto, N., & Andarwati, M. (2019). End-user satisfaction as an impact of the system quality, information quality, and top management support, upon the perceived usefulness of technology utilization.

    76.    Nwinee, K., Akpos, Y., Vincent, N., & Ibinabo, T. (2016). Impact of Accounting Information System on Organizational Effectiveness: A Study of Selected Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Woji, Portharcourt. International Journal of Research, 3(1), 974-982. 

    77.    Oladejo, M. O., & Yinus, S. O. (2020) Electronic Accounting Practices: An Effective Means for Financial Reporting Quality in Nigeria Deposit Money Banks. of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR). 8(3), 13-26.

    78.    Omer, T. A. N. (2016). Impact of accounting information systems on internal auditors in Turkey. Öneri Dergisi12(46), 245-260. 

    79.    Prima, A. P., & Akbar, J. 2020. Analysis of the Implementation of Accounting Information System Using Acosys Software at Pt Ladfanid Konsultindo Batam. Barelang Accounting Journal, 4 (2), 1-6.

    80.   Putri, P. A. Y., & Endiana, I. D. M. 2020. The Effect of Accounting Information System and Internal Control System on Company Performance (Case Study on Cooperatives in Payangan District). KRISNA: Accounting Research Collection, 11 (2), 179-189.

    81.    Rashedi, H., & Dargahi, T. (2019). How Influence the Accounting Information Systems Quality of Internal Control on Financial Reporting Quality.Journal of Modern Developments in Management and Accounting ( JMDMA), 2(5), 33-45. 

    82.   Reinartz, W., Haenlein, M., & Henseler, J. (2009). An empirical comparison of the efficacy of covariance-based and variance-based SEM. International Journal of research in Marketing26(4), 332-344. 

    83.   Sanusi Fasilat, A., & Hassan, H. (2015, December). Evaluation of information technology impact on effective internal control in the University system. In Innovation and Analytics Conference and Exhibition (IACE 2015) (Vol. 1691, No. 1, p. 050004).

    84.   Soudani, S. (2013). The impact of implementation of e-accounting system on financial performance with effects of internal control systems. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(11), 17-29. 

    85.   Soundararajan, K. (2019). Cost-reduction and quality improvement using DMAIC in the SMEs. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.

    86.   Susanto, A., & Meiryani, M. (2019). The impact of environmental accounting information system alignment on firm performance and environmental performance: A case of small and medium enterprises s of Indonesia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(2), 229-236. 

    87.    Suzan, l., sudrajat, j., & daud, z. M. (2020). Accounting information systems as a critical success factor for increased quality of accounting information. Revista ESPACIOS41(15).

    88.   Teru, S. P., Idoko, I. F., & Bello, L. (2019). The Impact of E-Accounting in Modern Businesses. International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review, 4(2), 1-4. 

    89.   Teru, S. P., Idoku, I., & Ndeyati, J. T. (2017). A Review of the Impact of Accounting Information System for Effective Internal Control on Firm Performance. Indian Journal of Finance and Banking, 1(2), 52-59. 

    90.   Teru, S. P., & Hla, D. T. (2015). Appraisal of Accounting Information System and Internal Control Frameworks. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(9), 1-3. 

    91.    Thabit, T., & Abbas, N. (2017). A Proposed Fuzzy Logic Based Framework for E-Accounting Evaluation in Iraq. Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal, 2(6), 22-48. 

    92.   Trabulsi, R. U. (2018). The Impact of Accounting Information Systems on Organizational Performance: The Context of Saudi’s SMEs. International Review of Management and Marketing, 8(2), 69-73. 

    93.   Yas, H., Mardani, A., & Alfarttoosi, A. (2020). The Major Issues Facing Staff in Islamic Banking Industry and its Impact on Productivity. Contemporary Economics14(3), 392-406.

    94.   Zaineldeen, S., Hongbo, L., & Hassan, B. M. A. (2020). Technology Acceptance Model’Concepts, Contribution, Limitation, and Adoption in Education. Universal Journal of Educational Research8(11), 5061-5071.

          95. Zimon, G. (2018). Influence of group purchasing organizations on financial situation of Polish SMEs. Oeconomia Copernicana9(1), 87-104. 

     

          96. Z. Lanlan and A. Ahmi, (2018), “Exploration on the Use of Computerized Accounting Systems by Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in China,” Int. J. Eng. Technol., 7 (32), 806–810.

    Cite This Article As :
    Alfartoosi, Ali. , Abdullah, Mohd. , Jaleel, Hussein. , Yas, Harith. The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq. American Journal of Business and Operations Research, vol. , no. , 2021, pp. 05-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102
    Alfartoosi, A. Abdullah, M. Jaleel, H. Yas, H. (2021). The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq. American Journal of Business and Operations Research, (), 05-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102
    Alfartoosi, Ali. Abdullah, Mohd. Jaleel, Hussein. Yas, Harith. The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq. American Journal of Business and Operations Research , no. (2021): 05-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102
    Alfartoosi, A. , Abdullah, M. , Jaleel, H. , Yas, H. (2021) . The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq. American Journal of Business and Operations Research , () , 05-38 . DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102
    Alfartoosi A. , Abdullah M. , Jaleel H. , Yas H. [2021]. The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq. American Journal of Business and Operations Research. (): 05-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102
    Alfartoosi, A. Abdullah, M. Jaleel, H. Yas, H. "The effect of e-accounting and mediated by internal control system on the performance of SME in Iraq," American Journal of Business and Operations Research, vol. , no. , pp. 05-38, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/AJBOR.030102