3066-280XISSN (Online)
Volume 3 , Issue 2 , PP: 21-32, 2025 | Cite this article as | XML | Html | PDF | Full Length Article
Khaled Sh. Gaber 1 *
Doi: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030203
This paper reviews the design and integration of hybrid energy systems (HES) as a solution to solve the challenges of renewable energy integration. It emphasizes the role of optimization algorithms in improving system performance, reducing costs and enhancing environmental sustainability by effectively managing energy supply and demand. Recent advances in energy estimating, machine learning, and accurate resource forecasting demonstrate significant system flexibility and efficiency increases. Furthermore, it identifies existing challenges, such as scalability, high initial costs and integration complexities, while proposing future research and innovation pathways. The study argues that HES can revolutionize energy systems and contribute to global sustainability goals by addressing key gaps.
Renewable Integration , Optimization Algorithms , Sustainability Energy Storage , Artificial Intelligence and Energy Storage in energy-efficient hybrid systems.
[1] T. K. Roy, M. A. Mahmud, and A. M. T. Oo, "Techno-economic feasibility of standalone hybrid energy systems for a remote Australian community: Optimization and sensitivity analysis," Renew Energy, vol. 241, p. 122286, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.RENENE.2024.122286.
[2] M. Abed, A. Reddy B, T. R. Jyothsna, and N. Mohammed, "Optimal sizing and performance assessment of standalone PV systems using optimum hybrid sizing strategy," Results in Engineering, vol. 25, p. 103793, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.RINENG.2024.103793.
[3] S. D. Al-Majidi, A. M. Alturfi, M. Kh. Al-Nussairi, R. A. Hussein, R. Salgotra, and M. F. Abbod, “A robust automatic generation control system based on hybrid Aquila Optimizer-Sine Cosine Algorithm,” Results in Engineering, vol. 25, p. 103951, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.RINENG.2025.103951.
[4] A. A. Mas’ud 1 et al., “Wind energy assessment and hybrid micro-grid optimization for selected regions of Saudi Arabia,” Scientific Reports 2025 15:1, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–29, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85616-9.
[5] M. A. Kareem, M. Abdel-Ghany, D. R. Henry, and ٍs. O. Ibrahim, “Improvement the frequency response for interconnected area power system using artificial intelligence techniques,” International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences-October 6 University, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 80–90, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.21608/IJEASOU.2025.349260.1038.
[6] K. Ghanbari, A. Maleki, and D. Rezaei Ochbelagh, “Investigating the effect of various types of components in optimal designing of a solar/wind/storage hybrid system,” J Energy Storage, vol. 110, p. 115273, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.EST.2024.115273.
[7] R. Qi, Y. H. Jia, W. N. Chen, Y. Bi, and Y. Mei, “An evolutionary optimization-learning hybrid algorithm for energy resource management,” Swarm Evol Comput, vol. 92, p. 101831, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.SWEVO.2024.101831.
[8] T. K. Roy, M. A. Mahmud, and A. M. T. Oo, "Techno-economic feasibility of standalone hybrid energy systems for a remote Australian community: Optimization and sensitivity analysis," Renew Energy, vol. 241, p. 122286, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.RENENE.2024.122286.
[9] M. Bilal, P. N. Bokoro, and G. Sharma, “Hybrid optimization for sustainable design and sizing of standalone microgrids integrating renewable energy, diesel generators, and battery storage with environmental considerations,” Results in Engineering, vol. 25, p. 103764, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.RINENG.2024.103764.
[10] A. A. Hassan and D. M. Atia, “Open Access Optimizing microgrid integration of renewable energy for sustainable solutions in off/on-grid communities,” 2024, doi: 10.1186/s43067-024-00186-6.
[11] K. Ghanbari, A. Maleki, and D. Rezaei Ochbelagh, “Investigating the effect of various types of components in optimal designing of a solar/wind/storage hybrid system,” J Energy Storage, vol. 110, p. 115273, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.EST.2024.115273.
[12] A. A. Mas’ud 1 et al., "Wind energy assessment and hybrid micro-grid optimization for selected regions of Saudi Arabia," doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85616-9.
[13] S. Khalid, “Advanced Electric Propulsion Systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Design, Control, and Performance Optimization,” https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/979-8-3693-5797-2.ch001, pp. 1–54, Jan. 1AD, doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-5797-2.CH001.
[14] P. Phogat, S. Sharma, R. Jha, and S. Singh, “Electrochemical Capacitors: EDLCs and Pseudocapacitors,” pp. 225–255, 2024, doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-0527-9_6.
[15] A. S. Thakur, “Investigations into Extending the Linear Modulation Range of Hybrid Three-Level and Five-Level Inverters for Variable Speed Drive Applications,” 2024, Accessed: Jan. 16, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/6736
[16] C. Y. Hsu et al., “A novel approach for optimizing a photovoltaic thermal system combined with solar thermal collector: Integrating RSM, multi-objective bat algorithm and VIKOR decision maker,” J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng, vol. 168, p. 105927, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.JTICE.2024.105927.
[17] X. Li, H. Cai, Y. Xin, F. Xue, F. Sun, and H. Hong, “Capacity and Operation Strategy Optimization of Integrated Energy System in the Chlor-Alkali Process with Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation,” 2024, doi: 10.2139/SSRN.5052188.
[18] “IEEE Xplore Full-Text PDF:” Accessed: Jan. 16, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=10812725
[19] S. Mobayen et al., “Multi-functional hybrid energy system for zero-energy residential buildings: Integrating hydrogen production and renewable energy solutions,” Int J Hydrogen Energy, vol. 102, pp. 647–672, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2025.01.061.
[20] “(PDF) Design and optimization of renewable energy-powered automation transformer coil winding machines.” Accessed: Jan. 16, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/387952732_Design_and_optimization_of_renewable_energy-powered_automation_transformer_coil_winding_machines
[21] P. Motevakel, C. Roldán-Blay, C. Roldán-Porta, G. Escrivá-Escrivá, and D. Dasí-Crespo, “Strategic Resource Planning for Sustainable Biogas Integration in Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems,” Applied Sciences 2025, Vol. 15, Page 642, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 642, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.3390/APP15020642.
[22] G. Singh and B. R. Singh, “DESIGNING AND OPTIMIZATION OF HYBRID SOLAR POWER GENERATION IN JHANSI, INDIA: UTILIZING HOMER FOR ENHANCING EFFICIENCY *,” Procedia Environmental Science, Engineering and Management, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 29, 2024, Accessed: Jan. 16, 2025. [Online]. Available: http://www.procedia-esem.eu
[23] M. Ahmed et al., “Recent developments in hazardous pollutants removal from wastewater and water reuse within a circular economy,” NPJ Clean Water, vol. 5, no. 1, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1038/S41545-022-00154-5.
[24] F. Duan, M. Eslami, M. Okati, D. J. Jasim, & Arsalan, and K. Mahmood, “Hybrid stochastic and robust optimization of a hybrid system with fuel cell for building electrification using an improved arithmetic optimization algorithm,” Scientific Reports 2025 15:1, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–35, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86074-z.
[25] P. Motevakel, C. Roldán-Blay, C. Roldán-Porta, G. Escrivá-Escrivá, and D. Dasí-Crespo, “Strategic Resource Planning for Sustainable Biogas Integration in Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems,” Applied Sciences 2025, Vol. 15, Page 642, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 642, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.3390/APP15020642.
[26] M. A. Iqbal, J. M. Gil, and S. K. Kim, “Attention-Driven Hybrid Ensemble Approach with Bayesian Optimization for Accurate Energy Forecasting in Jeju Island’s Renewable Energy System,” IEEE Access, 2025, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3526943.
[27] A. A. Mas’ud 1 et al., “Wind energy assessment and hybrid micro-grid optimization for selected regions of Saudi Arabia,” Scientific Reports 2025 15:1, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–29, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85616-9.
[28] M. A. Ebrahim, A. M. El-Rifaie, B. A. Bahr, H. E. Keshta, M. N. Ali, and M. M. R. Ahmed, “Adaptive Control of a Hybrid microgrid with Energy Storage System,” IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics, pp. 1–14, 2025, doi: 10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3526929.
[29] R. Babaei, D. S. K. Ting, and R. Carriveau, “Feasibility and optimization of hybrid energy systems for sustainable electricity, heat, and fresh water production in a rural community,” Int J Green Energy, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1080/15435075.2024.2448292.
[30] A. M. Sheikhveisi, “Optimizing Zero Energy Buildings: Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Hydrogen Storage in Iran,” 2025, doi: 10.2139/SSRN.5093828.
