Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things JISIoT 2690-6791 2769-786X 10.54216/JISIoT https://www.americaspg.com/journals/show/2689 2019 2019 Dept. Electronics, Telecommunication & Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest, Romania M. M. Dept. Electronics, Telecommunication & Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest, Romania Ion .. Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Johor, Malaysia Nayef A. M. Alduais Presently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are emerging as a vibrant field of research due to various challenging aspects such as energy consumption, routing strategies, effectiveness, among others. Despite unresolved issues within WSNs, a substantial array of applications has already been developed. For any application design, a primary objective is to optimize the WSN in terms of its lifecycle and functionality. Recent studies on data reduction methods have shown that sensor nodes often transmit data directly (single hop) to the base station (BS). However, a significant concern is that most existing multi-hop routing protocols do not address data reduction before forwarding data to the BS. Consequently, this study introduces a Hybrid Data Reduction and Routing Algorithm (HDRA). The principal aim of HDRA is to prolong the lifespan of cluster-based WSNs. It strives to decrease the packet transmission by sensor nodes, especially when there's minimal change in sensor readings. The findings indicate that HDRA outperforms the LEACH protocol in terms of energy efficiency in sensor networks, irrespective of network type (T, H, or TH) or deployment scenarios (200x200m or 400x400m). Overall, the proposed algorithm enhances network performance by conserving energy and extending network lifespan. 2024 2024 99 121 10.54216/JISIoT.120208 https://www.americaspg.com/articleinfo/18/show/2689