aspg-20-814-1791307635 20261006172715 American Scientific Publishing Group admin@americaspg.com American Scientific Publishing Group International Journal of Wireless and Ad Hoc Communication IJWAC 2692-4056 2021 3 1 Rabie A. Ramadan College of Computer Science and Engineering, Hail University , Hail, Saudi Arabia Localization is widely employed in wireless sensor networks (WSN) to detect the present position of the nodes. Generally, WSN comprises numerous sensors, which makes the deployment of GPS in all nodes cost and fails to provide precise localization outcomes in several cases. The manual configuration of the position reference of the sensors is not feasible under dense networks. Therefore, the NL process can be treated as an NP-hard problem and solved by metaheuristic algorithms. In this aspect, this paper presents an improved group teaching optimization algorithm-based NL technique called IGTOA-NL for WSN. The IGTOA technique is derived by integrating the basic concepts of GTOA with the β-hill-climbing technique to improve the overall node localization process. The IGTOA-NL technique can effectually localize the nodes in WSN under varying anchor node count. To showcase the productive outcome of the IGTOA technique, a series of simulations take place under a diverse number of anchors. The resultant values highlighted the proficient NL outcome of the IGTOA technique over the current state of art NL techniques in terms of different measures. 2021 08 16 814 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 10.54216/IJWAC.030101 https://americaspg.com/journal/20/article/814 https://americaspg.com/storage/3037.pdf