<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doi_batch version="5.3.1" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1 http://www.crossref.org/schema/deposit/crossref5.3.1.xsd">
 <head>
  <doi_batch_id>aspg-1-4521-1792176541</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261016184901</timestamp>
  <depositor>
   <depositor_name>American Scientific Publishing Group</depositor_name>
   <email_address>admin@americaspg.com</email_address>
  </depositor>
  <registrant>American Scientific Publishing Group</registrant>
 </head>
 <body>
  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>American Journal of Business and Operations Research</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>AJBOR</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="print">2770-0216</issn>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2692-2967</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2027</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>15</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>1</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>When Tariff Averages Misrank Markets: A Business Intelligence Audit of WTO 2025 Profiles</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Seyfettin</given_name>
      <surname>Artan</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Economics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>Procurement teams often rank destination markets using a single published tariff average. Whether that ordering survives a change of measurement is a practical question for business intelligence. We audit the 2025 World Tariff Profiles, retaining 101 economies with matching 2024 most-favoured-nation (MFN) applied tariffs, reported trade-weighted tariffs, and 2023 import totals. A reproducible screen compares simple and trade-weighted averages, ranking changes, duty-free subheading shares, and the share of subheadings facing duties above 15%. The median simple average is 7.5% and the median trade-weighted average is 6.9%; the within-economy weighted-minus-simple median is −0.6 percentage points. Thirty-five economies differ by at least two points. With ties retained at each top-25 cutoff, 28 economies qualify under the simple rate and 26 under the weighted rate, but only 20 qualify under both. Türkiye falls from 17.3% to 7.0%, whereas Dominica rises from 10.7% to 15.9%. Disagreement persists among larger import markets: 13 of 31 economies with at least US$50 billion in 2023 imports have a gap of two points or more. A layered dashboard should therefore trigger product-level verification where aggregate measures disagree. Neither average identifies the duty paid by a particular firm or the effect of changing trade policy.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2027</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>01</first_page>
     <last_page>06</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">4521</item_number>
    </publisher_item>
    <ai:program name="AccessIndicators">
     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
    </ai:program>
    <doi_data>
     <doi>10.54216/AJBOR.150101</doi>
     <resource>https://americaspg.com/journal/1/article/4521</resource>
     <collection property="text-mining">
      <item>
       <resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://americaspg.com/storage/articles/manuscripts/01M4E2D5QQDE47RTF7Z3NTVJMQ.pdf</resource>
      </item>
     </collection>
    </doi_data>
   </journal_article>
  </journal>
 </body>
</doi_batch>
