<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doi_batch version="5.3.1" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1 http://www.crossref.org/schema/deposit/crossref5.3.1.xsd">
 <head>
  <doi_batch_id>aspg-42-4312-1792223536</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261017075216</timestamp>
  <depositor>
   <depositor_name>American Scientific Publishing Group</depositor_name>
   <email_address>admin@americaspg.com</email_address>
  </depositor>
  <registrant>American Scientific Publishing Group</registrant>
 </head>
 <body>
  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>Journal of International Economics Research</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>JIER</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="electronic">3070-5665</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2026</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>4</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>The Evolution of the Middle Corridor and Its Implications for Kazakhstan’s International Trade in the Aftermath of the Russia–Ukraine War</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Aidarov Tofik</given_name>
      <surname>Aga-Balaevich</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Head of the Department of Management and Marketing, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Kazakhstan</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Yusubaxmedova</given_name>
      <surname>Durdonaxon</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Muhammad Eid</given_name>
      <surname>Balbaa</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>After the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the role of Middle Corridor raised and this paper examines Kazakhstan’s trade turnover with ten partner countries that reflect the development prospects of the Middle Corridor. Using graphical methods, economic-statistical analysis, as well as explanatory analysis, the study identifies key factors influencing the development of the Middle Corridor. The research is based on data from the Bureau of National Statistics on the website of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan on investments and trade turnover from 2021 to 2025. This research argues that the growing interest in the Middle Corridor has influenced Kazakhstan’s economic trajectory, which, in turn, is shaping the country’s multi-vector foreign policy.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2026</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>01</first_page>
     <last_page>09</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">4312</item_number>
    </publisher_item>
    <ai:program name="AccessIndicators">
     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
    </ai:program>
    <doi_data>
     <doi>10.54216/JIER.040201</doi>
     <resource>https://americaspg.com/journal/42/article/4312</resource>
     <collection property="text-mining">
      <item>
       <resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://americaspg.com/storage/61776341371.pdf</resource>
      </item>
     </collection>
    </doi_data>
   </journal_article>
  </journal>
 </body>
</doi_batch>
