Global Food Market Integration and its Implications for National Food Security

Marina Rudolfovna Li^1,*, Sergey Alekseevich Shoba²

¹Professor at the Department of Corporate Economics and Management Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan

²Corr. Member of the RAS, Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

Emails: Li.Marina@gmail.com; Shoba.Sergey@gmail.com

Abstract

The stability of global food markets has become a critical factor influencing national food security in many countries. In recent years, global food systems have experienced significant volatility due to economic globalization, climate change, geopolitical conflicts, and disruptions in international supply chains. These factors have increased the vulnerability of national food systems, particularly in countries that depend heavily on imported agricultural products. Therefore, studying the relationship between global food markets and national food security is highly relevant for ensuring sustainable economic and social development. The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of global food market dynamics on national food security and to evaluate the relationship between international food trade, food price volatility, and national food supply stability. The research is based on a quantitative analytical approach, including statistical analysis and comparative analysis of international food security indicators. The empirical analysis covers a sample of 20 countries, including 12 food-import-dependent countries and 8 agricultural exporting countries. The results show that the average Food Import Dependency Ratio reached 54.2% in import-dependent countries, while the average Global Food Security Index score was 62.4 compared with 71.8 in exporting countries. The study also identified significant volatility in the FAO Food Price Index, which increased from 98.1 in 2020 to 143.7 in 2022. The findings confirm that strengthening domestic agricultural production while maintaining balanced participation in global food markets can significantly improve national food security and enhance the resilience of food systems.

Keywords: Global food markets; National food security; Food price volatility; Food import dependency; Agricultural trade; Food supply stability; Global food systems