Components Reusability Optimization based on Re-Structure Monolithic Code

Zeyd Saeed^1,* , Mustafa Ismael Khudair², Ahmed Khader Ali Ibrahim³, Rahman Nahi Abid⁴

¹Software Department, College of Information Technology, University of Babylon, Babylon 51001, Iraq

²College of Media, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq

³University Presidency, Department of Internal Affairs, University of Iraqia, Baghdad, Iraq

⁴College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Babylon 51001, Iraq

Emails: zeydsr.sw.phd@student.uobabylon.edu.iq; mustafa.i.khudhair@aliraqia.edu.iq , https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3984-1626; ahmed.kh.ali@aliraqia.edu.iq; rahmannahi@uobabylon.edu.iq; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7491-4997

Abstract

In modern software engineering, monolithic code structures are increasingly incompatible with the flexibility demanded by today’s platforms. These tightly coupled systems pose challenges for scalability, integration, and secure deployment. This paper presents a method for restructuring monolithic Java classes into optimized, reusable software components. We analyze each class using 19 object-oriented metrics from the CKJM suite, evaluating cohesion and coupling properties. Using our proposed framework—Good Global Optimization Dynamic Weighted Metrics (GGODWM)—we cluster interrelated classes and transform them into high-level components suitable for microservice environments. These components are evaluated within a Component Base Redesign Structure (CBRS) environment to measure reusability. Our experimental results show a 52% improvement in cohesion and coupling balance, outperforming traditional Turbo_MQ-based metrics. By enhancing component modularity and reducing interdependencies, the proposed approach contributes to more secure and maintainable code, thus supporting cybersecurity goals such as reduced attack surface and easier vulnerability management.

Keyword: Software engineering; Metrics; Object-oriented programming (OOP)