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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-33-3832-1792223362</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261017074922</timestamp>
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   <depositor_name>American Scientific Publishing Group</depositor_name>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>Galoitica: Journal of Mathematical Structures and Applications</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>GJMSA</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2834-5568</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>12</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>1</issue>
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   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>A Short Contribution to the Classification of the Group of Units of the Rings (NCR)_(Z_pq ), (NCR)_(Z_(2^n ) ) and NCRZ_(p^2 )</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Lee</given_name>
      <surname>Xu</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Mathematics Department, Beijing, China</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Olalekan</given_name>
      <surname>Joosati</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, South Africa</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>In this paper, we study the group of units problem of three different non-commutative logical extensions rings, where we classify the group of units of the rings (NCR)_(Z_pq ), (NCR)_(Z_(2^n ) )and (NCR)_(Z_(p^2 ) )as semi direct products of well-known abelian groups as the following:</jats:p>
     <jats:p>U(N⊂R)_(Z_pq )≅(Z_(p-1)×Z_(q-1) )∝[(Z_p×Z_q )∝(Z_(p-1)×Z_(q-1)),</jats:p>
     <jats:p>U(NCR)_(Z_(2^n ) )≅(Z_2×Z_(2^(n-2)))∝(Z_(2^n )∝(Z_2×Z_(2^(n-2)))),</jats:p>
     <jats:p>U(N⊂R)_(Z_(p^2 ) )≅Z_(p^2-p)∝(Z_(p^2 )∝Z_(p^2-p)).</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>19</first_page>
     <last_page>23</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">3832</item_number>
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     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
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     <doi>10.54216/GJMSA.0120103</doi>
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