aspg-3-3466-1791943567 20261014020607 American Scientific Publishing Group admin@americaspg.com American Scientific Publishing Group Fusion: Practice and Applications FPA 2770-0070 2692-4048 2025 18 1 Ghufran Abdulameer Department of Information Networks, College of Information Technology, University of Babylon, Babil, Iraq Yossra H. Ali Computer Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq Ship Ad Hoc Networks (SANETs) are an integral part of modern maritime communication and shipping, characterized by dynamic topology and heavy traffic. Accurate node localization in SANETs is of great importance to ensure effective communication, security, and operational decisions. Traditional clustering algorithms, such as Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and Possibilistic Fuzzy C-Means (PFCM), struggle with the dynamic and collaborative nature of SANETs, being sensitive to noise, outliers, and node distribution of rapidly changing. In this paper, a new clustering algorithm, the Dynamic Weighted Gradient-Based Possibilistic using Fuzzy C-Means (DWGB-PFCM), is specially designed to address the limitations of traditional methods in dynamic SANETs. The DWGB-PFCM contains dynamic weighted distances, flexible membership and uniqueness functions, and enhanced objective functions to improve robustness, adaptability, and efficiency of the cluster. Detailed data processing from the National Buoy Data Center (NDBC) combines spatial environmental parameters such as wind speed, atmospheric pressure, and wave characteristics to simulate real-world ocean challenges. Experimental results show that DWGB-PFCM outperforms traditional methods and separation measurements, with PFCM improving by 15.8%, decreasing by 22.2% in separation entropy, and decreasing by 32.1% in RMSE. In addition, DWGB-PFCM achieves a 15.0% improvement in computational efficiency over FCM. This research lays the foundation for further innovations in clustering algorithms designed for dynamic environments. 2025 261 268 3466 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 10.54216/FPA.180118 https://americaspg.com/journal/3/article/3466 https://americaspg.com/storage/71736390682.pdf