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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-33-3344-1792222639</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261017073719</timestamp>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>Galoitica: Journal of Mathematical Structures and Applications</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>GJMSA</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2834-5568</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2024</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>11</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>Irreversible k-Threshold Conversion Number of Strong Grids for k&gt;3</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Ali</given_name>
      <surname>Kassem</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Ramy</given_name>
      <surname>Shaheen</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Suhail</given_name>
      <surname>Mahfud</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>An irreversible k-threshold conversion process on a graph 𝐺=(𝑉,𝐸) is a dynamic, iterative process which begins by choosing a set 𝑆0⊆𝑉. For each step 𝑡(𝑡=1,2,…,), 𝑆𝑡 is obtained from 𝑆𝑡−1 by adjoining all vertices that have at least k neighbors in 𝑆𝑡−1. We call 𝑆0 the seed set of the k-threshold conversion process and if 𝑆𝑡=𝑉(𝐺) for some 𝑡≥0, then 𝑆0 is called an irreversible k-threshold conversion set (IkCS) of 𝐺. The k-threshold conversion number of 𝐺 (denoted by (𝐶𝑘(𝐺)) is the minimum cardinality of all the IkCSs of 𝐺. In this paper, we study Irreversible k-threshold conversion processes on strong grids 𝑃𝑚⊠𝑃𝑛. We determine 𝐶𝑘(𝑃3⊠𝑃𝑛) for 𝑘=5,6,7 and 𝐶𝑘(𝑃4⊠𝑃𝑛) for 𝑘=6,7. We also present upper bounds for 𝐶4(𝑃3⊠𝑃𝑛), 𝐶4(𝑃4⊠𝑃𝑛),𝐶5(𝑃3⊠𝑃𝑛), then we determine 𝐶8(𝑃𝑚⊠𝑃𝑛) for arbitrary 𝑚,𝑛.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2024</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>60</first_page>
     <last_page>72</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">3344</item_number>
    </publisher_item>
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     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
    </ai:program>
    <doi_data>
     <doi>10.54216/GJMSA.0110208</doi>
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